Nursing Department, Home For The Aged Guangzhou, 510000 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 510000 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Dec 22;22(4):1523-1533. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2204156.
This study examines the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on metabolic syndrome parameters and cardiovascular risk factors, to identify the most effective way of improving metabolic syndrome and preventing cardiovascular disease. We searched EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid, the Chinese Biological Medicine Database (CBM), the Wanfang Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), identifying 15 comparing the effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on metabolic syndrome parameters and cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., glucose, triglyceride, blood pressure, body mass index, etc.). We assessed the quality of the articles and performed a network meta-analysis with a Bayesian random effects model to synthesize direct and indirect evidence. Combined exercise was most effective at controlling glucose and total triglyceride (TG) levels. Aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise groups achieved significant effects regarding body fat. Aerobic exercise was superior to resistance exercise regarding body mass index (BMI). There was no statistically significant difference in weight, waist circumference (WC), levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), insulin, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among the exercise groups. Combined exercise was the best exercise scheme for improving weight, WC, DBP, TG, TC, glucose, and insulin levels. Resistance exercise was most effective at ameliorating body fat, LDL-C levels, and SBP. Aerobic exercise was the optimal way of improving BMI and HDL-C levels. This network meta-analysis suggests combined exercise is the most effective choice in improving the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk parameters, whereas aerobic exercise reveals the minimum effect. Further studies should certify the role resistance exercises play in metabolic syndrome and cardiac rehabilitation.
本研究旨在探讨有氧运动、抗阻运动和结合运动对代谢综合征参数和心血管危险因素的影响，以确定改善代谢综合征和预防心血管疾病的最有效方法。我们检索了 EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed、MEDLINE、Ovid、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据库、中国知网（CNKI）数据库和中国科学期刊数据库（VIP），以确定比较有氧运动、抗阻运动和结合运动对代谢综合征参数和心血管危险因素（如血糖、甘油三酯、血压、体重指数等）影响的随机对照试验（RCTs）。我们评估了文章的质量，并使用贝叶斯随机效应模型进行了网络荟萃分析，以综合直接和间接证据。与抗阻运动和有氧运动相比，结合运动在控制血糖和总甘油三酯（TG）水平方面最有效。有氧运动、抗阻运动和结合运动组在体脂方面均取得了显著效果。有氧运动在体重指数（BMI）方面优于抗阻运动。在体重、腰围（WC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、胰岛素、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）方面，运动组之间无统计学差异。结合运动是改善体重、WC、DBP、TG、TC、血糖和胰岛素水平的最佳运动方案。抗阻运动在改善体脂、LDL-C 水平和 SBP 方面最有效。有氧运动是改善 BMI 和 HDL-C 水平的最佳方式。本网络荟萃分析表明，结合运动在改善代谢综合征和心血管危险因素方面最有效，而有氧运动的效果最小。进一步的研究应证实抗阻运动在代谢综合征和心脏康复中的作用。
