Hara Megumi, Ishibashi Motoki, Nakane Atsushi, Nakano Takashi, Hirota Yoshio
Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Medical Co. LTA, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 24;9(12):1389. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9121389.
Little is known about the differences in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance and hesitancy between the general population and healthcare workers in Japan. To compare these differences, a nationwide web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 19 January 2021, shortly before the initiation of COVID-19 vaccinations in Japan. A total of 6180 men and women aged 20-69 years and 1030 healthcare workers aged 20-69 years were enrolled. Data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, basic characteristics, including socioeconomic factors, and confidence in immunization in general were collected. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was also evaluated under hypothetical vaccine effectiveness and adverse event frequencies. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 48.6% among the general population and was lower among nurses (45.5%) and medical clerks (40.7%). Women and young adults had significantly higher COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy odds ratios, and current smokers had significantly lower odds ratios. The frequency of adverse events was a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy factor. Even if these factors were adjusted, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses was 1.4 times higher than that among the general population. Thus, interventions to improve health literacy and vaccine hesitancy among the general population and healthcare workers, especially nurses, are needed.
关于日本普通人群和医护人员在新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫苗接受度和犹豫程度方面的差异，目前所知甚少。为了比较这些差异，于2021年1月19日在日本启动COVID-19疫苗接种前不久，开展了一项全国性的基于网络的横断面调查。共纳入了6180名年龄在20至69岁的男性和女性以及1030名年龄在20至69岁的医护人员。收集了关于COVID-19疫苗接受度、包括社会经济因素在内的基本特征以及总体免疫信心的数据。还在假设的疫苗效力和不良事件发生率的情况下评估了COVID-19疫苗接受度。使用多项逻辑回归分析研究了与疫苗犹豫相关的因素。普通人群中COVID-19疫苗接受率为48.6%，护士（45.5%）和医务文员（40.7%）中的接受率较低。女性和年轻人的COVID-19疫苗犹豫比值比显著更高，而当前吸烟者的比值比显著更低。不良事件的发生率是一个COVID-19疫苗犹豫因素。即使对这些因素进行了调整，护士中的COVID-19疫苗犹豫程度仍比普通人群高1.4倍。因此，需要采取干预措施来提高普通人群和医护人员，尤其是护士的健康素养和疫苗犹豫程度。
