Thant Aye Aye, Zaw Hein, Kalousova Marie, Singh Rakesh Kumar, Lojka Bohdan
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6 Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Plant Biotechnology Center, Pale Myothit, Shwe Nanthar, Mingaladon, Yangon 110 23, Myanmar.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 24;10(12):2564. doi: 10.3390/plants10122564.
Myanmar is well known as a primary center of plant genetic resources for rice. A considerable number of genetic diversity studies have been conducted in Myanmar using various DNA markers. However, this is the first report using DArTseq technology for exploring the genetic diversity of Myanmar rice. In our study, two ultra-high-throughput diversity array technology markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of local rice varieties in the Ayeyarwady delta, the major region of rice cultivation. The study was performed using 117 rice genotypes with 7643 SNP and 4064 silicoDArT markers derived from the DArT platform. Genetic variance among the genotypes ranged from 0 to 0.753 in SNPs, and from 0.001 to 0.954 in silicoDArT. Two distinct population groups were identified from SNP data analysis. Cluster analysis with both markers clearly separated traditional Pawsan varieties and modern high-yielding varieties. A significant divergence was found between populations according to the Fst values (0.737) obtained from the analysis of molecular variance, which revealed 74% genetic variation at the population level. These findings support rice researchers in identifying useful DNA polymorphisms in genes and pinpointing specific genes conferring desirable phenotypic traits for further genome-wide association studies and parental selection for recombination breeding to enhance rice varietal development and release.
缅甸是著名的水稻植物遗传资源主要中心。此前已在缅甸使用各种DNA标记进行了大量的遗传多样性研究。然而，这是首次使用DArTseq技术探索缅甸水稻遗传多样性的报告。在我们的研究中，采用了两种超高通量多样性阵列技术标记，来研究水稻主要种植区伊洛瓦底江三角洲当地水稻品种的遗传多样性和群体结构。该研究使用了117个水稻基因型，这些基因型具有源自DArT平台的7643个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记和4064个硅DArT标记。基因型之间的遗传方差在SNP中范围为0至0.753，在硅DArT中范围为0.001至0.954。通过SNP数据分析确定了两个不同的群体组。两种标记的聚类分析清楚地分离了传统的帕当品种和现代高产品种。根据分子方差分析获得的Fst值（0.737），发现群体之间存在显著差异，这表明在群体水平上有74%的遗传变异。这些发现有助于水稻研究人员识别基因中有用的DNA多态性，并确定赋予理想表型性状的特定基因，以便进一步进行全基因组关联研究和重组育种的亲本选择，从而促进水稻品种的培育和推广。
