Kashtoh Hamdy, Baek Kwang-Hyun
Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 15;10(12):2774. doi: 10.3390/plants10122774.
A stomatal pore is formed by a pair of specialized guard cells and serves as a major gateway for water transpiration and atmospheric CO influx for photosynthesis in plants. These pores must be tightly controlled, as inadequate CO intake and excessive water loss are devastating for plants. When the plants are exposed to extreme weather conditions such as high CO levels, O, low air humidity, and drought, the turgor pressure of the guard cells exhibits an appropriate response against these stresses, which leads to stomatal closure. This phenomenon involves a complex network of ion channels and their regulation. It is well-established that the turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by ions transportation across the membrane, such as anions and potassium ions. In this review, the guard cell ion channels are discussed, highlighting the structure and functions of key ion channels; the SLAC1 anion channel and KAT1 potassium channel, and their regulatory components, emphasizing their significance in guard cell response to various stimuli.
气孔由一对特化的保卫细胞形成，是植物水分蒸腾和光合作用中大气二氧化碳流入的主要通道。这些气孔必须受到严格控制，因为二氧化碳摄入不足和水分过度流失对植物是毁灭性的。当植物暴露于极端天气条件下，如高二氧化碳水平、低氧、低空气湿度和干旱时，保卫细胞的膨压会对这些胁迫表现出适当的反应，从而导致气孔关闭。这种现象涉及一个复杂的离子通道网络及其调控。众所周知，保卫细胞的膨压是由离子跨膜运输调节的，如阴离子和钾离子。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了保卫细胞离子通道，并重点介绍了关键离子通道的结构和功能；SLAC1阴离子通道和KAT1钾通道及其调控成分，强调了它们在保卫细胞对各种刺激反应中的重要性。
