K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 28;24(13):10768. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310768.
Researchers are often interested in proteins that are present in cells in small ratios compared to the total amount of proteins. These proteins include transcription factors, hormones and specific membrane proteins. However, sufficient amounts of well-purified protein preparations are required for functional and structural studies of these proteins, including the creation of artificial proteoliposomes and the growth of protein 2D and 3D crystals. This aim can be achieved by the expression of the target protein in a heterologous system. This review describes the applications of yeast heterologous expression systems in studies of plant membrane proteins. An initial brief description introduces the widely used heterologous expression systems of the baker's yeast and the methylotrophic yeast . is further considered a convenient model system for functional studies of heterologously expressed proteins, while has the advantage of using these yeast cells as factories for producing large quantities of proteins of interest. The application of both expression systems is described for functional and structural studies of membrane proteins from plants, namely, K- and Na-transporters, various ATPases and anion transporters, and other transport proteins.
研究人员通常对细胞中与总蛋白相比含量较低的蛋白质感兴趣。这些蛋白质包括转录因子、激素和特定的膜蛋白。然而，对于这些蛋白质的功能和结构研究，包括人工脂体蛋白的构建和蛋白质 2D 和 3D 晶体的生长，都需要足够数量的纯化良好的蛋白制剂。这一目标可以通过在异源系统中表达目标蛋白来实现。本文综述了酵母异源表达系统在植物膜蛋白研究中的应用。首先简要介绍了常用的毕赤酵母和甲醇酵母异源表达系统。进一步将其视为异源表达蛋白功能研究的理想模型系统，而甲醇酵母则具有利用这些酵母细胞作为大量生产感兴趣蛋白的工厂的优势。这两个表达系统都被用于研究来自植物的膜蛋白，如 K-和 Na-转运蛋白、各种 ATP 酶和阴离子转运蛋白以及其他转运蛋白的功能和结构。
