An Immune-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Immune Landscape in IDH-Mutant Lower-Grade Gliomas.

BACKGROUND

mutation is the most common in diffuse LGGs, correlated with a favorable prognosis. However, the -mutant LGGs patients with poor prognoses need to be identified, and the potential mechanism leading to a worse outcome and treatment options needs to be investigated.

METHODS

A six-gene immune-related prognostic signature in -mutant LGGs was constructed based on two public datasets and univariate, multivariate, and LASSO Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups based on the median risk score in the training and validation sets. We analyzed enriched pathways and immune cell infiltration, applying the GSEA and the immune evaluation algorithms.

RESULTS

Stratification and multivariate Cox analysis unveiled that the six-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor. The signature (0.806/0.795/0.822) showed a remarkable prognostic performance, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year time-dependent AUC, higher than for grade (0.612/0.638/0.649) and 1p19q codeletion status (0.606/0.658/0.676). High-risk patients had higher infiltrating immune cells. However, the specific immune escape was observed in the high-risk group after immune activation, owing to increasing immunosuppressive cells, inhibitory cytokines, and immune checkpoint molecules. Moreover, a novel nomogram model was developed to evaluate the survival in -mutant LGGs patients.

CONCLUSION

The six-gene signature could be a promising prognostic biomarker, which is promising to promote individual therapy and improve the clinical outcomes of -mutant gliomas. The study also refined the current classification system of -mutant gliomas, classifying patients into two subtypes with distinct immunophenotypes and overall survival.