既往感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2对意大利福贾医护人员接种辉瑞BNT162b mRNA疫苗单剂后的抗体反应的影响

Effect of Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Antibody Response to a Single Immunization with the Pfizer BNT162b mRNA Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in Foggia, Italy.

作者信息

Homan Tobias, Fortunato Francesca, Corso Gaetano, Lopalco Pier Luigi, Prato Rosa, Martinelli Domenico

机构信息

Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

ECDC Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology Path (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, Sweden.

出版信息

Infect Dis Ther. 2022 Feb;11(1):607-615. doi: 10.1007/s40121-021-00582-9. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

DOI:10.1007/s40121-021-00582-9

PMID:34964938

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8715151/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Data have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes an antibody response at least as strong as one BNT162b2 vaccine dose. Nevertheless, some aspects require further investigation to better understand the immunogenicity of one vaccine dose among infected individuals. Thus, we evaluated how previous SARS-CoV-2 infection may influence the humoral immunity after a single Pfizer BNT162b mRNA vaccine dose in a sample of healthcare workers (HCWs).

METHODS

As part of the routine surveillance activity conducted among HCWs of the Policlinico Riuniti Foggia Hospital (Apulia region, Italy), we conducted a retrospective serosurvey in the period January-March 2021. We compared specific antibody titres (anti-spike IgGs measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay, ELISA) after SARS-CoV-2 infection and after the first dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine, analysing the impact of sex, age, time since infection, and presence of symptoms on the humoral response.

RESULTS

We included in the study 58 HCWs (mean age 44.1 years, 48.2% male) with anti-spike IgG titres available before and after the first BNT162b2 vaccine dose. Among these, we observed higher titres in previously infected cases (N = 21) than in COVID-19-naïve subjects (N = 37) (medians 1510 vs. 0.68; p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference in anti-spike IgG titres was also observed among previously infected HCWs before vaccine dose in comparison with post-dose infection-naïve HCWs (medians 18.37 vs. 0.68, p < 0.001). Among infected individuals, no differences by sex, age, or time since infection were reported (p > 0.05). Post-dose titres of symptomatic and asymptomatic infected HCWs slightly differed (medians = 1900 vs. 1090; p = 0.048).

CONCLUSION

Our data support the viable hypothesis of a single-dose vaccine regimen in individuals with a history of COVID-19, but no conclusion on duration of protection in this group can be drawn from our study.

摘要

引言

数据表明，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染引发的抗体反应至少与一剂BNT162b2疫苗一样强烈。然而，有些方面需要进一步研究，以便更好地了解已感染个体中一剂疫苗的免疫原性。因此，我们评估了既往SARS-CoV-2感染如何影响医护人员样本中接种一剂辉瑞BNT162b信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗后的体液免疫。

方法

作为福贾综合医院（意大利普利亚大区）医护人员常规监测活动的一部分，我们在2021年1月至3月期间进行了一项回顾性血清学调查。我们比较了SARS-CoV-2感染后和接种第一剂BNT162b2疫苗后的特异性抗体滴度（通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量的抗刺突免疫球蛋白G（IgG）），分析了性别、年龄、感染后的时间以及症状的存在对体液反应的影响。

结果

我们纳入了58名医护人员（平均年龄44.1岁，48.2%为男性），他们在接种第一剂BNT162b2疫苗前后均有抗刺突IgG滴度数据。其中，我们观察到既往感染病例（N = 21）的滴度高于未感染2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的受试者（N = 37）（中位数分别为1510和0.68；p < 0.001）。与接种疫苗后未感染的医护人员相比，既往感染的医护人员在接种疫苗前的抗刺突IgG滴度也存在统计学显著差异（中位数分别为18.37和0.68，p < 0.001）。在感染个体中，未报告性别、年龄或感染后时间方面的差异（p > 0.05）。有症状和无症状感染的医护人员接种疫苗后的滴度略有不同（中位数分别为1900和1090；p = 0.048）。