Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China.
Department of Preventive Health Care, Four Seasons Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, P.R. China.
J Trop Pediatr. 2021 Dec 8;67(6). doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmab107.
This study is aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Beijing, Haidian District of China, from 2005 to 2020, providing scientific basis for controlling rubella and the congenital rubella syndrome.
Data were collected via the legal infectious disease report cards from medical institutions in Haidian, 2005-2020. The descriptive epidemiological methods plus statistical analysis were used to analyze the distribution of rubella in terms of population, time and region.
In total, there were 994 cases of rubella in Beijing, Haidian District, with an average incidence of 1.81/100 000. In 2007, it was hit by rubella with the highest incidence up to 8.37/100 000, in the past 16 years. The peak incident of rubella was in spring (March to May). The majority of rubella patients were students and employees (70.1%) who are infected mainly due to the gathering. The majority of patients aged 15-29 years (63.4%). And the male-to-female ratio was 1.45 : 1. Rubella had a feature of spatial aggregation and appeared in all the regions in Haidian. According to Joinpoint regression model, rubella would still exist in the next 3 years with 2-5 new cases per year.
Rubella showed a downshift trend from 2008 to 2014, then a sporadic distribution till 2020 in Haidian. Not completely eliminated yet, it is quite impending to improve people's awareness of preventing rubella and their health literacy mentally and physically in the whole population by means of the policy issuing from government.
本研究旨在调查 2005 年至 2020 年期间中国北京市海淀区风疹的流行病学特征，为控制风疹和先天性风疹综合征提供科学依据。
通过海淀区医疗机构法定传染病报告卡收集数据。采用描述性流行病学方法和统计分析方法，分析人群、时间和地区分布的风疹分布情况。
北京市海淀区共报告风疹病例 994 例，发病率为 1.81/10 万。2007 年风疹发病率最高，达 8.37/10 万，为过去 16 年来的最高水平。风疹发病高峰在春季（3 月至 5 月）。风疹患者主要为学生和职工（70.1%），因聚集而感染。大多数患者年龄在 15-29 岁（63.4%）。男女比例为 1.45:1。风疹具有空间聚集性特征，出现在海淀区所有地区。根据 Joinpoint 回归模型，未来 3 年内风疹仍将存在，每年新增 2-5 例。
2008 年至 2014 年，海淀区风疹发病率呈下降趋势，2014 年后呈散发分布，直至 2020 年。风疹尚未完全消除，通过政府出台政策，提高全民预防风疹的意识和身心健康的健康素养，迫在眉睫。
