University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2022 Feb;26(1):35-56. doi: 10.1177/10888683211065921. Epub 2021 Dec 30.
Contemporary research on human sociality is heavily influenced by the social identity approach, positioning social categorization as the primary mechanism governing social life. Building on the distinction between agency and identity in the individual self ("I" vs. "Me"), we emphasize the analogous importance of distinguishing collective agency from collective identity ("We" vs. "Us"). While collective identity is anchored in the unique characteristics of group members, collective agency involves the adoption of a shared subjectivity that is directed toward some object of our attention, desire, emotion, belief, or action. These distinct components of the collective self are differentiated in terms of their mental representations, neurocognitive underpinnings, conditions of emergence, mechanisms of social convergence, and functional consequences. Overall, we show that collective agency provides a useful complement to the social categorization approach, with unique implications for multiple domains of human social life, including collective action, responsibility, dignity, violence, dominance, ritual, and morality.
当代人类社会性研究深受社会认同论的影响，将社会分类视为支配社会生活的主要机制。我们基于个体自我中的能动性和认同性的区分（“我”与“我们”），强调区分集体能动性和集体认同性的类似重要性（“我们”与“我们”）。虽然集体认同性以群体成员的独特特征为基础，但集体能动性涉及到采用一种共同的主观性，这种主观性指向我们注意力、欲望、情感、信仰或行动的某个对象。集体自我的这些不同组成部分在心理表现、神经认知基础、出现条件、社会趋同机制以及功能后果方面有所区别。总的来说，我们表明，集体能动性为社会分类法提供了一个有用的补充，对人类社会生活的多个领域都有独特的影响，包括集体行动、责任、尊严、暴力、支配、仪式和道德。
