School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Prog Brain Res. 2022;274(1):1-30. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.07.004. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Recent advances in memory research within psychology and neuroscience have contributed to a shift from examining memory through an individualistic lens towards a growing recognition of potential social and collective influences on mnemonic processes. This shift is prominently illustrated by continuing research on collective memory. Through a scoping literature review, we identify three crucial components defining collective memory: memories held in common across individuals within a social group, which are centrally important to group identity, and which impact significantly on perceived group agency. This review attempts to distil and organize empirical evidence into (i) neural, (ii) psychological, and (iii) social foundations of collective memory, while considering the reflexive relationship between common memory, identity, and agency (CIA). We conceptualize collective memory as based on neuropsychological substrates, influenced by social processes, and extended to societal, historical, and political domains, driven by human sociality. To engage the complexity of, and shed light on, numerous remaining questions surrounding collective memory, future research should embrace a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach focused on issues of common memory, identity, and identity.
记忆研究的最新进展在心理学和神经科学领域，有助于从个体主义的角度考察记忆，转向越来越认识到记忆过程可能受到社会和集体的影响。这一转变在不断进行的集体记忆研究中得到了突出体现。通过范围界定文献综述，我们确定了定义集体记忆的三个关键组成部分：社会群体中个体之间共同持有的记忆，这些记忆对群体认同至关重要，并对感知的群体能动性产生重大影响。本综述试图将实证证据提炼并组织成（i）集体记忆的神经基础、（ii）心理基础和（iii）社会基础，同时考虑共同记忆、身份和能动性之间的反思关系（CIA）。我们将集体记忆概念化为基于神经心理学基础，受社会过程影响，并扩展到社会、历史和政治领域，由人类社会性驱动。为了应对集体记忆所涉及的复杂性，并阐明围绕集体记忆的众多悬而未决的问题，未来的研究应该采取合作的、跨学科的方法，重点关注共同记忆、身份和能动性的问题。
