Yuan Yongkai, Ma Mengjie, Xu Ying, Wang Dongfeng
College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(22):5724-5738. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2023858. Epub 2021 Dec 31.
Biopolymer-based nanoencapsulation presents great performance in the delivery of functional food ingredients. In recent years, the pH-driven method has received considerable attention due to its unique characteristics of low energy and organic solvent-free during the construction of biopolymer-based nanoencapsulation. This review summarized the fundamental knowledge of pH-driven biopolymer-based nanoencapsulation. The principle of the pH-driven method is the protonation reaction of functional food ingredients that change with pH. The stability of functional food ingredients in an alkaline environment is a prerequisite for the adoption of this method. pH regulator is also an important influencing factor. Different coating materials used to the pH-driven nanoencapsulation were discussed, including single and composite materials, mainly focusing on proteins. Besides, the application evaluations of pH-driven nanoencapsulation in food were analyzed. The future development trends will be the influence of pH regulators on the carrier, the design of new non-protein-based carriers, the quantification of driving forces, the absorption mechanism of encapsulated nutrients, and the molecular interaction between the wall material and the intestinal mucosa. In conclusion, pH-driven biopolymer-based nanoencapsulation of functional food ingredients will have broad prospects for development.
基于生物聚合物的纳米封装在功能性食品成分的递送方面表现出优异性能。近年来，pH驱动法因其在构建基于生物聚合物的纳米封装过程中具有低能量和无有机溶剂的独特特性而备受关注。本文综述了pH驱动的基于生物聚合物的纳米封装的基础知识。pH驱动法的原理是功能性食品成分随pH变化的质子化反应。功能性食品成分在碱性环境中的稳定性是采用该方法的前提条件。pH调节剂也是一个重要的影响因素。讨论了用于pH驱动纳米封装的不同包衣材料，包括单一材料和复合材料，主要聚焦于蛋白质。此外，分析了pH驱动纳米封装在食品中的应用评价。未来的发展趋势将是pH调节剂对载体的影响、新型非蛋白质基载体的设计、驱动力的量化、封装营养素的吸收机制以及壁材与肠黏膜之间的分子相互作用。总之，pH驱动的基于生物聚合物的功能性食品成分纳米封装将具有广阔的发展前景。
