Stoelen Karen Marie Sangild, Raunkiaer Mette, Winther Kirstine, Grubert Maria Vilhelm, Bøgeskov Benjamin Olivares
Faculty of Health, Research and Developement, Department of Nursing and Nutrition, University College Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, University of Southern Denmark, Nyborg, Denmark.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2021 Dec 30. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003330.
Given limited palliative care resources, volunteers can be viewed as essential. To better understand the contribution of volunteers, it is useful to look at their roles in care systems with high level of financed public welfare, such as those found in Nordic countries.
To develop research-based knowledge of experiences related to volunteer roles in palliative care in Nordic countries with similar welfare systems.
Systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.
Cinahl, APA PsycInfo, SocINDEX, Idunn, Cristin, SwePub, SweMed+, Doria and Danish Research Database from 2005 to 2020.
Qualitative peer-reviewed studies reporting first-hand experience of volunteers in palliative care in hospital, community (homecare and nursing home) and hospice settings (hospice institution and hospice home care); English abstract and available full text.
Of 1521 citations, 11 articles were included in the review: seven Norwegian articles, three Swedish articles and one Danish article. Three overall themes emerged from analysis: (1) volunteers offered something different than professionals, (2) volunteering took place in professionals' domain, (3) volunteers were motivated by personal gains.
Volunteers provide valuable support to patients and next of kin that differs from professionals' support. Volunteers are motivated by direct interaction with patients and next of kin. Opportunities for interactions depend on the healthcare setting and professionals' understandings of volunteers' role. Formal training of volunteers is limited and supportive available professionals important to volunteers. Professionals' understandings of volunteers' role should be improved to strengthen volunteers' role in palliative care in Nordic countries.
CRD42020222695.
鉴于姑息治疗资源有限，志愿者可被视为至关重要的力量。为了更好地理解志愿者的贡献，考察他们在公共福利高度发达的医疗体系中的角色很有帮助，比如北欧国家的医疗体系。
获取基于研究的、与北欧国家具有相似福利体系的姑息治疗中志愿者角色相关经历的知识。
对定性研究进行系统综述和主题综合分析。
2005年至2020年期间的Cinahl、美国心理学会心理学文摘数据库（APA PsycInfo）、社会科学索引数据库（SocINDEX）、伊顿数据库（Idunn）、挪威科技信息中心（Cristin）、瑞典国家图书馆数据库（SwePub）、瑞典医学数据库（SweMed+）、多里亚数据库（Doria）以及丹麦研究数据库。
经同行评审的定性研究，报告志愿者在医院、社区（家庭护理和养老院）及临终关怀机构（临终关怀机构和临终关怀家庭护理）的姑息治疗中的第一手经验；有英文摘要且可获取全文。
在1521条文献引用中，11篇文章被纳入综述：7篇挪威文章、3篇瑞典文章和1篇丹麦文章。分析得出三个总体主题：（1）志愿者提供了与专业人员不同的东西；（2）志愿服务发生在专业人员的领域；（3）志愿者受个人利益驱动。
志愿者为患者及其亲属提供了有价值的支持，这种支持不同于专业人员的支持。志愿者因与患者及其亲属的直接互动而受到激励。互动机会取决于医疗环境以及专业人员对志愿者角色的理解。志愿者的正规培训有限，而现有的支持性专业人员对志愿者很重要。应增进专业人员对志愿者角色的理解，以加强志愿者在北欧国家姑息治疗中的作用。
国际系统评价注册平台（PROSPERO）注册号：CRD42020222695。
