Turner Kirstie Jodie, Pyne David Bruce, Périard Julien D, Rice Anthony John
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Sports Science, Rowing Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 14;12:803430. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.803430. eCollection 2021.
The effects of two different high-intensity training methods on 2,000 m rowing ergometer performance were examined in a feasibility study of 24 national-level rowers aged 18-27 years (17 males, 2,000 m ergometer time trial 6:21.7 ± 0:14.6 (min:s) and seven females, 2,000 m ergometer 7:20.3 ± 0:12.1. Habitual training for all participants was ~12-16 h per week). : 16 high-intensity ergometer sessions were completed across two 3-week periods. Participants were allocated into two groups according to baseline 2,000 m time. High-intensity interval session-sprint-interval session (HIIT-SIT) completed eight HIIT (8 × 2.5 min intervals; 95% of 2,000 m wattage) followed by eight SIT (three sets of 7 × 30 s intervals; maximum effort). SIT-HIIT completed eight SIT sessions followed by eight HIIT sessions. Both a 2,000-m time trial and a progressive incremental test finishing with 4 min "all-out" performance were completed before and after each 3-week phase. Both groups showed similar improvements in 2,000 m time and 4 min "all-out" distance after the first 3 weeks (2,000 m time: HIIT-SIT: -2.0 ± 0.6%, mean ± 90% CL, = 0.01; SIT-HIIT: -1.5 ± 0.3%, = 0.01) with no significant difference between groups. HIIT-SIT demonstrated the greatest improvements in submaximal heart rate (HR) during the progressive incremental test with eight sessions of HIIT showing a greater reduction in submaximal HR than eight sessions of SIT. The net improvement of 16 high-intensity sessions on 2,000 m time was -2.5% for HIIT-SIT (-10.6 ± 3.9 s, = 0.01) and - 2.2% for SIT-HIIT (-9.0 ± 5.7 s, = 0.01) and for 4 min "all-out" performance was 3.1% for HIIT-SIT (36 ± 25 m, = 0.01) and 2.8% for SIT-HIIT (33 ± 27 m, = 0.01). Eight sessions of high-intensity training can improve 2,000 m ergometer rowing performance in national-level rowers, with a further eight sessions producing minimal additional improvement. The method of high-intensity training appears less important than the dose.
在一项可行性研究中，对24名年龄在18至27岁的国家级赛艇运动员（17名男性，2000米测功仪计时赛成绩为6:21.7±0:14.6（分:秒）；7名女性，2000米测功仪成绩为7:20.3±0:12.1。所有参与者的常规训练量约为每周12至16小时），研究了两种不同的高强度训练方法对2000米赛艇测功仪成绩的影响。在两个为期3周的阶段中，共完成了16次高强度测功仪训练课程。参与者根据2000米基线成绩被分为两组。高强度间歇训练-冲刺间歇训练（HIIT-SIT）组先完成8次HIIT（8×2.5分钟间歇；2000米功率的95%），然后进行8次SIT（三组，每组7×30秒间歇；全力冲刺）。SIT-HIIT组先完成8次SIT训练课程，然后进行8次HIIT训练课程。在每个3周阶段前后，都进行了一次2000米计时赛和一次渐进递增测试，测试最后有4分钟的“全力”表现。在第一个3周后，两组在2000米成绩和4分钟“全力”距离上都有类似程度的提高（2000米成绩：HIIT-SIT组：-2.0±0.6%，平均值±90%置信区间，P = 0.01；SIT-HIIT组：-1.5±0.3%，P = 0.01），两组之间无显著差异。在渐进递增测试中，HIIT-SIT组在次最大心率（HR）方面改善最大，8次HIIT训练比8次SIT训练使次最大心率降低得更多。16次高强度训练课程对2000米成绩的净提高，HIIT-SIT组为-2.5%（-10.6±3.9秒，P = 0.01），SIT-HIIT组为-2.2%（-9.0±5.7秒，P = 0.01）；对4分钟“全力”表现的净提高，HIIT-SIT组为3.1%（36±25米，P = 0.01），SIT-HIIT组为2.8%（33±27米，P = 0.01）。8次高强度训练可以提高国家级赛艇运动员2000米测功仪划船成绩，再进行8次训练产生的额外提高极小。高强度训练的方法似乎不如训练量重要。
