Li Shao-Peng, Jia Pu, Fan Shu-Ya, Wu Yingtong, Liu Xiang, Meng Yani, Li Yue, Shu Wen-Sheng, Li Jin-Tian, Jiang Lin
Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, China.
Ecol Lett. 2022 Apr;25(4):778-789. doi: 10.1111/ele.13951. Epub 2021 Dec 31.
Elton's biotic resistance hypothesis, which posits that diverse communities should be more resistant to biological invasions, has received considerable experimental support. However, it remains unclear whether such a negative diversity-invasibility relationship would persist under anthropogenic environmental change. By using the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) as a model invader, our 4-year grassland experiment demonstrated consistently negative relationships between resident species diversity and community invasibility, irrespective of nitrogen addition, a result further supported by a meta-analysis. Importantly, our experiment showed that plant diversity consistently resisted invasion simultaneously through increased resident biomass, increased trait dissimilarity among residents, and increased community-weighted means of resource-conservative traits that strongly resist invasion, pointing to the importance of both trait complementarity and sampling effects for invasion resistance even under resource enrichment. Our study provides unique evidence that considering species' functional traits can help further our understanding of biotic resistance to biological invasions in a changing environment.
埃尔顿的生物抗性假说认为，多样化的群落应该对生物入侵具有更强的抵抗力，这一假说已得到大量实验支持。然而，在人为环境变化下，这种负向的多样性-可入侵性关系是否会持续仍不明确。通过以普通豚草（Ambrosia artemisiifolia）作为入侵模型，我们开展了为期4年的草地实验，结果表明，无论是否添加氮素，本地物种多样性与群落可入侵性之间始终呈现负相关关系，荟萃分析进一步支持了这一结果。重要的是，我们的实验表明，植物多样性通过增加本地生物量、增加本地物种间的性状差异以及增加强烈抵抗入侵的资源保守性状的群落加权均值，始终同时抵抗入侵，这表明即使在资源丰富的情况下，性状互补和抽样效应对于抵抗入侵都很重要。我们的研究提供了独特的证据，表明考虑物种的功能性状有助于增进我们对变化环境中生物对生物入侵的抗性的理解。
