Jenkins S R, Winkler W G
Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Sep;126(3):429-37. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114674.
During 1982 and 1983, the Centers for Disease Control and cooperating Middle Atlantic States and local health departments collected data on 1,610 raccoons that were submitted for rabies testing and on 133 persons who received rabies postexposure prophylaxis as a result of exposure to wild animals. Raccoons were found most commonly in yards and residential areas. Raccoons that were killed by private citizens, animal-control personnel, or dogs had the highest positivity rate (70%), and those that were trapped had the lowest (9%). Raccoons that were found during the day or that exhibited abnormal behavior and those that had interacted with a domestic animal were more likely to be rabid. Examination of the data on human exposure disclosed that many exposures could have been avoided or prevented. Almost 50% of postexposure treatments were administered to persons whose actual risk of exposure was low or nonexistent.
1982年至1983年期间，疾病控制中心与中大西洋各州及地方卫生部门合作，收集了1610只送检狂犬病检测的浣熊以及133名因接触野生动物而接受狂犬病暴露后预防治疗的人员的数据。浣熊最常出现在院子和居民区。被私人公民、动物控制人员或狗杀死的浣熊阳性率最高（70%），而被捕获的浣熊阳性率最低（9%）。白天被发现或表现出异常行为以及与家畜有过接触的浣熊感染狂犬病的可能性更大。对人类暴露数据的审查表明，许多暴露本可以避免或预防。几乎50%的暴露后治疗是针对实际暴露风险较低或不存在风险的人员进行的。
