用于HIV治疗和预防的长效注射用抗逆转录病毒药物
Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Agents for HIV Treatment and Prevention.
作者信息
Kim Yeon-Sook
机构信息
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
出版信息
Infect Chemother. 2021 Dec;53(4):686-695. doi: 10.3947/ic.2021.0136.
Abstract
Current oral antiretroviral agents provide highly effective treatment for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and can be used as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent new HIV infections. Several single-tablet regimens with excellent antiviral efficacy have dramatically improved the quality of life of patients who can adhere to daily oral therapy. However, there is increasing demand on long-acting injectable antiretroviral agents for patients who cannot take oral agents or feel fatigue related to daily pill burden. Monthly long-acting (LA) cabotegravir (CAB) combined with rilpivirine (RPV) has recently been listed as optimizing agent for maintenance of HIV suppression in treatment-experienced patients whose viral load is undetectable for 3 to 6 months. Novel agents with different mechanism of action and long half-life extending dosing interval are being tested in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. This review summarizes the data of efficacies and safety profiles of LA CAB with RPV regimen, and also new long-acting injectable antiretroviral agents in pipeline.
摘要
目前的口服抗逆转录病毒药物为感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的患者提供了高效治疗，并且可作为暴露前预防（PrEP）来预防新的HIV感染。几种具有出色抗病毒疗效的单片复方制剂显著改善了能够坚持每日口服治疗的患者的生活质量。然而，对于无法服用口服药物或因每日服药负担而感到疲劳的患者，对长效注射用抗逆转录病毒药物的需求日益增加。每月一次的长效卡博特韦（CAB）联合利匹韦林（RPV）最近已被列为在病毒载量3至6个月不可检测的有治疗经验的患者中维持HIV抑制的优化药物。具有不同作用机制和延长给药间隔的长半衰期的新型药物正在2期和3期临床试验中进行测试。本综述总结了CAB与RPV长效方案的疗效和安全性数据，以及正在研发的新型长效注射用抗逆转录病毒药物的数据。
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