Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2022 Jan 3;27(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s11658-021-00301-9.
Chemotherapeutic drugs are used to treat advanced stages of cancer or following surgery. However, cancers often develop resistance against drugs, leading to failure of treatment and recurrence of the disease. Polyphenols are a family of organic compounds with more than 10,000 members which have a three-membered flavan ring system in common. These natural compounds are known for their beneficial properties, such as free radical scavenging, decreasing oxidative stress, and modulating inflammation. Herein, we discuss the role of polyphenols (mainly curcumin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate [EGCG]) in different aspects of cancer drug resistance. Increasing drug uptake by tumor cells, decreasing drug metabolism by enzymes (e.g. cytochromes and glutathione-S-transferases), and reducing drug efflux are some of the mechanisms by which polyphenols increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Polyphenols also affect other targets for overcoming chemoresistance in cancer cells, including cell death (i.e. autophagy and apoptosis), EMT, ROS, DNA repair processes, cancer stem cells, and epigenetics (e.g. miRNAs).
化疗药物用于治疗癌症晚期或手术后。然而，癌症经常对药物产生耐药性，导致治疗失败和疾病复发。多酚是一类具有超过 10000 种成员的有机化合物，它们共同具有一个三碳的黄酮环系统。这些天然化合物以其有益特性而闻名，如自由基清除、降低氧化应激和调节炎症。本文讨论了多酚（主要是姜黄素、白藜芦醇和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯[EGCG]）在癌症耐药性的不同方面的作用。多酚增加肿瘤细胞对药物的摄取、减少酶（如细胞色素和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）对药物的代谢以及减少药物外排，是增加癌细胞对化疗药物敏感性的机制之一。多酚还影响克服癌细胞化疗耐药性的其他靶点，包括细胞死亡（即自噬和细胞凋亡）、EMT、ROS、DNA 修复过程、癌症干细胞和表观遗传学（如 miRNA）。
