Chaudhry Zaira S, Cadet Leslie, Sharip Akbar
Occupational Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, San Bernardino, USA.
Cureus. 2021 Nov 27;13(11):e19944. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19944. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Introduction We sought to determine time to return to work (RTW) among healthcare workers (HCWs) with mild/moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify predictors of COVID-19 test positivity and illness duration. Methods A retrospective review of HCWs presenting for COVID-19 testing/evaluation in December 2020 was performed to examine demographics, clinical characteristics, and RTW. Results Of 250 exposure incidents, 107 employees (42.80%) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). No significant differences between COVID-19 positive and negative HCWs were noted in terms of key demographics, including age, gender, and CDC risk scores. Cough (77.57% vs 56.64%, p = 0.001), fatigue (66.36% vs 51.05%, p = 0.015), fever/chills (65.42% vs 37.06%, p < 0.001), myalgia (57.01% vs 35.66%, p = 0.008), and change in smell/taste (38.32% vs 13.29%, p < 0.001) were more prevalent among COVID-19 positive versus negative HCWs. Change in smell/taste (p < 0.001, OR 3.592), cough (p = 0.001, OR 2.966), and fever/chills (p = 0.019, OR 2.107) were independently associated with COVID-19 test positivity. Mean time to RTW from symptom onset was 13.09 days for COVID-19 positive HCWs. Female gender (p = 0.020, + 3.20 days), older age (p = 0.014, + 2.22 days), and myalgia (p = 0.021, + 2.23 days) were predictive of longer illness duration. Conclusion Change in taste/smell, cough, and fever/chills were independently associated with COVID-19 test positivity. Among HCWs with mild/moderate COVID-19 infection, the mean time to RTW was approximately 13 days with female gender, older age, and myalgia being predictive of delayed RTW.
引言 我们试图确定患有轻度/中度2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的医护人员(HCW)恢复工作的时间(RTW),并确定COVID-19检测呈阳性和病程的预测因素。方法 对2020年12月因COVID-19检测/评估前来就诊的医护人员进行回顾性研究,以检查人口统计学、临床特征和恢复工作时间。结果 在250起暴露事件中,107名员工(42.80%)的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)检测呈阳性。在包括年龄、性别和疾病预防控制中心风险评分在内的关键人口统计学方面,COVID-19检测呈阳性和阴性的医护人员之间未发现显著差异。咳嗽(77.57%对56.64%,p = 0.001)、疲劳(66.36%对51.05%,p = 0.015)、发热/寒战(65.42%对37.06%,p < 0.001)、肌痛(57.01%对35.66%,p = 0.008)以及嗅觉/味觉改变(38.32%对13.29%,p < 0.001)在COVID-19检测呈阳性的医护人员中比检测呈阴性的更为普遍。嗅觉/味觉改变(p < 0.001,比值比3.592)、咳嗽(p = 0.001,比值比2.966)和发热/寒战(p = 0.019,比值比2.107)与COVID-19检测呈阳性独立相关。COVID-19检测呈阳性的医护人员从症状出现到恢复工作的平均时间为13.09天。女性(p = 0.020,增加3.20天)、年龄较大(p = 0.014,增加2.22天)和肌痛(p = 0.021,增加2.23天)是病程较长的预测因素。结论 味觉/嗅觉改变、咳嗽和发热/寒战与COVID-19检测呈阳性独立相关。在患有轻度/中度COVID-19感染的医护人员中,恢复工作的平均时间约为13天,女性、年龄较大和肌痛是恢复工作延迟的预测因素。