针对尚未准备好戒烟的吸烟者，实施轻松计划改变（PACE）：一项基于电话的随机对照试验。

Planning a Change Easily (PACE) for smokers who are not ready to quit: a telephone-based, randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.

Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.

出版信息

Addiction. 2022 Jun;117(6):1748-1757. doi: 10.1111/add.15796. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

DOI:10.1111/add.15796

PMID:34985171

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10236972/

Abstract

AIMS

To compare brief advice (BA), motivational interviewing (MI), rate reduction (RR), and combined MI and RR (MI + RR) to promote smoking cessation in smokers not ready to quit.

DESIGN

Randomized controlled trial with four parallel groups of smoking cessation intervention. Participants were randomly assigned 1:2:2:2 to receive one of the following interventions: BA (n = 128), MI (n = 258), RR (n = 257), and MI + RR (n = 260).

SETTING

The United States. All participant contact occurred over the telephone to be consistent with the typical quit line format.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 903 adult smokers. Participants had a mean age of 49 (SD = 13.3) years and were 28.9% male and 63.3% Caucasian.

INTERVENTIONS

The BA group received advice similar to typical smoking cessation quit lines. The MI group received advice using basic MI principles to elicit language that indicates behavioral change. The RR group received behavioral skills training and nicotine gum. The MI + RR group combined elements of MI and RR conditions. All interventions were six sessions.

MEASUREMENTS

The primary outcome measure was self-reported point prevalence at 12 months. The secondary outcome was self-reported prolonged abstinence at 12 months.

FINDINGS

Intention to treat (ITT) point prevalence at 12 months indicated that BA (10.9%) had significantly lower point prevalence rates than RR (27.2%, OR = 3.17, 1.69-5.94), and MI + RR (26.9%, OR = 3.16, 1.68-5.93). BA did not have a significantly lower point prevalence rate than MI (15.5%, OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 0.81-3.02).

CONCLUSIONS

This randomized controlled trial provided evidence that rate reduction, which offers structured behavioral skills and nicotine gum, either alone or combined with motivational interviewing, is the most effective form of cessation intervention for smokers not ready to quit.

摘要

目的

比较简短建议（BA）、动机性访谈（MI）、降阶治疗（RR）和 MI 加 RR（MI+RR）对促进尚未准备戒烟的吸烟者戒烟的效果。

设计

一项随机对照试验，设有四个平行的戒烟干预组。参与者按 1:2:2:2 的比例随机分配至以下干预组之一：BA（n=128）、MI（n=258）、RR（n=257）和 MI+RR（n=260）。

地点

美国。所有参与者的联系均通过电话进行，以与典型的戒烟热线形式保持一致。

参与者

共 903 名成年吸烟者。参与者的平均年龄为 49 岁（SD=13.3），28.9%为男性，63.3%为白种人。

干预措施

BA 组接受类似于典型戒烟热线的建议。MI 组接受基本 MI 原则的建议，以引出表明行为改变的语言。RR 组接受行为技能训练和尼古丁口香糖。MI+RR 组结合了 MI 和 RR 条件的要素。所有干预均为六个疗程。

测量

主要结局测量是 12 个月时的自我报告点患病率。次要结局是 12 个月时的自我报告持续戒烟率。

结果

意向治疗（ITT）12 个月时的点患病率表明，BA（10.9%）的点患病率显著低于 RR（27.2%，OR=3.17，1.69-5.94）和 MI+RR（26.9%，OR=3.16，1.68-5.93）。BA 的点患病率与 MI（15.5%，OR=1.56，95%CI=0.81-3.02）相比没有显著降低。