Mei Hong, Li Neng, Zhang Yan, Zhang Dan, Peng An-Na, Tan Ya-Fei, Mei Hui, Xiao Han, Cao Jiang-Xia, Zhou Jie-Qiong, Zhong Yuan-Yuan, Li Rui-Zhen, Yang Shao-Ping
Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
Curr Med Sci. 2022 Feb;42(1):210-216. doi: 10.1007/s11596-021-2476-1. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
Childhood obesity is a major health concern worldwide. Previous studies have explored the relationship between obesity and gut microbiota. However, the results from such studies remain contradictory.
In the present nested case-control study, based on a twin birth cohort study, the relationship between gut microbiota diversity and overweight/obesity in 1- and 6-month-old infants was explored. Twins were enrolled when one child had normal weight and the other child was overweight/obese at six months old. For both infants, stool samples were collected at 1 and 6 months of age. Finally, 12 twins were enrolled in the study. The gut microbiota was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in the V3-V4 area. Six of the twins were monozygotic.
The results revealed that the microbiota communities of monozygotic twins were similar to those of dizygotic twins. The relative abundance (RA) of microbiota of 1-month-old twins was significantly higher than that of 6-month-old twins. However, the microbiota diversity of 1-month-old twins was significantly lower than that of 6-month-old twins. In addition, 6-month-old twins had significantly higher RA levels of Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiracea incertae sedis than 1-month-old twins. The 6-month-old group had significantly lower RA levels of Veillonella, Klebsiella, Akkermansia, Streptococcus, or Staphylococcus than the 1-month-old group. At six months, the RA level of Clostridium sensu stricto was higher in the overweight/obesity group than the normal-weight group.
These findings imply that changes in gut microbiota diversity during infancy may contribute to the development of obesity in early infancy.
儿童肥胖是全球主要的健康问题。以往研究探讨了肥胖与肠道微生物群之间的关系。然而，此类研究结果仍相互矛盾。
在本巢式病例对照研究中，基于一项双生子队列研究，探讨了1个月和6个月大婴儿肠道微生物群多样性与超重/肥胖之间的关系。当一对双胞胎中的一个孩子体重正常而另一个孩子在6个月大时超重/肥胖时，将这对双胞胎纳入研究。两个婴儿均在1个月和6个月大时采集粪便样本。最终，12对双胞胎被纳入该研究。通过对V3-V4区域的16S rRNA基因进行测序来鉴定肠道微生物群。其中6对双胞胎为同卵双胞胎。
结果显示，同卵双胞胎的微生物群落与异卵双胞胎的相似。1个月大双胞胎的微生物群相对丰度（RA）显著高于6个月大的双胞胎。然而，1个月大双胞胎的微生物群多样性显著低于6个月大的双胞胎。此外，6个月大双胞胎的双歧杆菌和不可培养的毛螺菌科的RA水平显著高于1个月大的双胞胎。6个月大组的韦荣球菌属、克雷伯菌属、阿克曼氏菌属、链球菌属或葡萄球菌属的RA水平显著低于1个月大组。在6个月时，超重/肥胖组的严格意义上的梭菌属RA水平高于正常体重组。
这些发现表明，婴儿期肠道微生物群多样性的变化可能有助于早期婴儿肥胖的发展。
