Hou Haobin, Wang Xiaoliang, Yang Changsuo, Cai Xia, Lv Wenwei, Tu Yingying, Bao Aodungerile, Wu Quanli, Zhao Weimin, Yao Junfeng, Ding Weixing
Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
National Poultry Engineer Research Center, Shanghai, China.
Front Genet. 2021 Dec 21;12:735795. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735795. eCollection 2021.
Pigeon breed resources provide a genetic model for the study of phenomics. The pectoral muscles play a key role for the meat production performance of the meat pigeon and the athletic ability of the High flyers. Euro-pigeons and Silver King pigeons are commercial varieties that exhibit good meat production performance. In contrast to the domestication direction of meat pigeons, the traditional Chinese ornamental pigeon breed, High flyers, has a small and light body. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism of the pectoral muscle development and function of pigeons using whole-genome and RNA sequencing data. The selective sweep analysis ( and log2 (θπ ratio)) revealed 293 and 403 positive selection genes in Euro-pigeons and Silver King, respectively, of which 65 genes were shared. With the Silver King and Euro-pigeon as the control group, the High flyers were selected for 427 and 566 genes respectively. There were 673 differentially expressed genes in the breast muscle transcriptome between the commercial meat pigeons and ornamental pigeons. Pigeon genome selection signal combined with the breast muscle transcriptome revealed that six genes (, , , , and ) from commercial varieties of pigeons and five genes (, , , and ) from Chinese traditional ornamental pigeons were positively selected which were involved in pathways related to muscle development and function. This study provides new insights into the selection of different directions and the genetic mechanism related to muscle development in pigeons.
鸽种资源为表型组学研究提供了遗传模型。胸肌对肉鸽的产肉性能和高飞鸽的运动能力起着关键作用。欧洲鸽和银王鸽是具有良好产肉性能的商业品种。与肉鸽的驯化方向相反，中国传统观赏鸽品种高飞鸽体型小且轻。在此，我们利用全基因组和RNA测序数据研究鸽胸肌发育和功能的分子机制。选择性清除分析（以及log2(θπ比率)）分别在欧洲鸽和银王鸽中揭示了293个和403个正选择基因，其中有65个基因是共有的。以银王鸽和欧洲鸽为对照组，高飞鸽分别筛选出427个和566个基因。商业肉鸽和观赏鸽的胸肌转录组中有673个差异表达基因。鸽基因组选择信号与胸肌转录组相结合表明，来自商业鸽品种的6个基因（、、、、和）以及来自中国传统观赏鸽的5个基因（、、、和）被正选择，这些基因参与了与肌肉发育和功能相关的途径。本研究为鸽不同驯化方向的选择以及与肌肉发育相关的遗传机制提供了新的见解。
