Department of Immunology and Microbiology and Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
Biochemistry. 2022 Dec 20;61(24):2822-2834. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00758. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
The microbiota have emerged as an important factor in host physiology, disease, and response to therapy. These diverse microbes (bacteria, virus, fungi, and protists) encode unique functions and metabolites that regulate intraspecies and interspecies interactions. While the mechanisms of some microbiota species and metabolites have been elucidated, the diversity and abundance of different microbiota species and their associated pathways suggest many more metabolites and mechanisms of action remain to be discovered. In this Perspective, we highlight how the advances in chemical proteomics have provided new opportunities to elucidate the molecular targets of specific microbiota metabolites and reveal new mechanisms of action. The continued development of specific microbiota metabolite reporters and more precise proteomic methods should reveal new microbiota mechanisms of action, therapeutic targets, and biomarkers for a variety of human diseases.
微生物组已成为宿主生理学、疾病和治疗反应的重要因素。这些不同的微生物（细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物）编码独特的功能和代谢物，调节种内和种间相互作用。虽然已经阐明了一些微生物组物种和代谢物的机制，但不同微生物组物种的多样性和丰度及其相关途径表明，还有更多的代谢物和作用机制有待发现。在本观点中，我们强调了化学蛋白质组学的进展如何为阐明特定微生物组代谢物的分子靶标提供了新的机会，并揭示了新的作用机制。特定微生物组代谢物报告器的不断发展和更精确的蛋白质组学方法应该揭示新的微生物组作用机制、治疗靶点和各种人类疾病的生物标志物。
