Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, SE, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, SE, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Sweden.
Neuropsychologia. 2022 Feb 10;166:108139. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108139. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
If the brain is deprived of input from one or more senses during development, functional and structural reorganization of the deprived regions takes place. However, little is known about how sensory deprivation affects large-scale brain networks. In the present study, we use data-driven independent component analysis (ICA) to characterize large-scale brain networks in 15 deaf early signers and 24 hearing non-signers based on resting-state functional MRI data. We found differences between the groups in independent components representing the left lateralized control network, the default network, the ventral somatomotor network, and the attention network. In addition, we showed stronger functional connectivity for deaf compared to hearing individuals from the middle and superior temporal cortices to the cingulate cortex, insular cortex, cuneus and precuneus, supramarginal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and cerebellum crus 1, and stronger connectivity for hearing non-signers to hippocampus, middle and superior frontal gyri, pre- and postcentral gyri, and cerebellum crus 8. These results show that deafness induces large-scale network reorganization, with the middle/superior temporal cortex as a central node of plasticity. Cross-modal reorganization may be associated with behavioral adaptations to the environment, including superior ability in some visual functions such as visual working memory and visual attention, in deaf signers.
如果大脑在发育过程中被剥夺了一种或多种感官的输入，那么被剥夺区域的功能和结构就会发生重组。然而，对于感官剥夺如何影响大脑的大规模网络，我们知之甚少。在本研究中，我们使用基于静息态功能磁共振成像数据的基于数据驱动的独立成分分析（ICA），对 15 名聋人早期手语使用者和 24 名听力正常非手语使用者的大脑进行大规模网络特征分析。我们发现，代表左侧控制网络、默认网络、腹侧躯体运动网络和注意网络的独立成分在两组之间存在差异。此外，与听力正常非手语者相比，聋人从中耳和上颞叶到扣带回、岛叶、楔前叶和后扣带回、缘上回、补充运动区和小脑 1 的功能连接更强，而听力正常非手语者与海马体、中颞和额上回、中央前回和中央后回以及小脑 8 的功能连接更强。这些结果表明，聋人会引起大脑的大规模网络重组，其中中/上颞叶是可塑性的核心节点。跨模态重组可能与对环境的行为适应有关，包括聋人在一些视觉功能（如视觉工作记忆和视觉注意力）方面的优异能力。
