Garcia-Beltran Wilfredo F, St Denis Kerri J, Hoelzemer Angelique, Lam Evan C, Nitido Adam D, Sheehan Maegan L, Berrios Cristhian, Ofoman Onosereme, Chang Christina C, Hauser Blake M, Feldman Jared, Roederer Alex L, Gregory David J, Poznansky Mark C, Schmidt Aaron G, Iafrate A John, Naranbhai Vivek, Balazs Alejandro B
Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell. 2022 Feb 3;185(3):457-466.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.033. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
Recent surveillance has revealed the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) harboring up to 36 mutations in spike protein, the target of neutralizing antibodies. Given its potential to escape vaccine-induced humoral immunity, we measured the neutralization potency of sera from 88 mRNA-1273, 111 BNT162b, and 40 Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. We included individuals that received their primary series recently (<3 months), distantly (6-12 months), or an additional "booster" dose, while accounting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Remarkably, neutralization of Omicron was undetectable in most vaccinees. However, individuals boosted with mRNA vaccines exhibited potent neutralization of Omicron, only 4-6-fold lower than wild type, suggesting enhanced cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibody responses. In addition, we find that Omicron pseudovirus infects more efficiently than other variants tested. Overall, this study highlights the importance of additional mRNA doses to broaden neutralizing antibody responses against highly divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
近期监测发现，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）奥密克戎变种（BA.1/B.1.1.529）出现，其刺突蛋白有多达36处突变，而刺突蛋白是中和抗体的作用靶点。鉴于其可能逃避疫苗诱导的体液免疫，我们检测了88名接种mRNA-1273疫苗、111名接种BNT162b疫苗以及40名接种Ad26.COV2.S疫苗的受种者血清对野生型、德尔塔和奥密克戎SARS-CoV-2假病毒的中和效力。我们纳入了近期（<3个月）、间隔较长时间（6-12个月）接种首剂系列疫苗或接种额外“加强针”的个体，同时考虑了既往SARS-CoV-2感染情况。值得注意的是，大多数疫苗接种者对奥密克戎的中和作用无法检测到。然而，接种mRNA疫苗加强针的个体对奥密克戎表现出有效的中和作用，仅比野生型低4-6倍，这表明中和抗体反应的交叉反应性增强。此外，我们发现奥密克戎假病毒比其他测试变种的感染效率更高。总体而言，本研究强调了额外接种mRNA疫苗剂量对于拓宽针对高度变异的SARS-CoV-2变种的中和抗体反应的重要性。
