Paans Nadine Pg, Korten Nicole, Orhan Melis, Ensing Anne, Schouws Sigfried Ntm, Kupka Ralph, van Oppen Patricia, Dols Annemiek
Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2022 Feb;37(2). doi: 10.1002/gps.5676.
Previous research showed impairments in non-affective cognition, affective cognition, and social functioning in adult patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Only 37% of adult BD patients recovers in social functioning, and both aspects of cognition are important constructs of influence. The role of affective cognition in older age bipolar disorder (OABD) patients is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the separate and combined effects of affective cognition and non-affective cognition on social functioning.
The current study included 60 euthymic patients (aged >60) of the Dutch Older Bipolar Study. Affective cognition was measured by Theory of Mind and Emotion Recognition. Non-affective cognition was assessed through the measurements of attention, learning and memory, and executive functioning. Social functioning was examined through global social functioning, social participation, and meaningful contacts. The research questions were tested with linear and ordinal regression analyses.
Results showed a positive association of all non-affective cognitive domains with global social functioning. Associations between affective cognition and social functioning were non-significant. Results did show an interaction between non-affective and affective cognition.
Associations between non-affective cognition and social functioning were confirmed, associations between affective cognition and social function were not found. For generalizability, studies with a greater sample size are needed. Conducting additional research about OABD patients and affective cognition is important. It may lead to more insight in impairment and guide tailored treatment that focusses more on all aspects of recovery and the needs of OABD patients.
先前的研究表明，双相情感障碍（BD）成年患者在非情感认知、情感认知和社会功能方面存在损害。仅有37%的成年BD患者在社会功能方面恢复正常，且认知的这两个方面都是重要的影响因素。情感认知在老年双相情感障碍（OABD）患者中的作用仍不清楚。因此，我们研究的目的是检验情感认知和非情感认知对社会功能的单独及联合影响。
本研究纳入了荷兰老年双相情感障碍研究中的60名病情稳定的患者（年龄>60岁）。通过心理理论和情绪识别来测量情感认知。通过注意力、学习和记忆以及执行功能的测量来评估非情感认知。通过整体社会功能、社会参与和有意义的接触来考察社会功能。研究问题通过线性回归和有序回归分析进行检验。
结果显示，所有非情感认知领域与整体社会功能呈正相关。情感认知与社会功能之间的关联不显著。结果确实显示了非情感认知和情感认知之间的相互作用。
证实了非情感认知与社会功能之间的关联，未发现情感认知与社会功能之间的关联。为了提高研究结果的普遍性，需要进行更大样本量的研究。开展关于OABD患者和情感认知的更多研究很重要。这可能会使我们对损害有更多了解，并指导更具针对性的治疗，这种治疗更多地关注康复的各个方面以及OABD患者的需求。
