Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Environ Int. 2022 Feb;160:107058. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107058. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
The health impact of short-term heat exposure is well documented. However, limited studies explored the association between life-time summer heat exposure and lung function.
To examine the association between life-time summer heat exposure and lung function among young adults.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among 1928 college students in Shandong, China from September 4, 2020 to November 15, 2020. Life-time summer heat exposure for participants were estimated based on the nearest station meteorological data after the participant's birth date and divided by their learning phases. Lung function indicators included forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). A multiple linear regression model was conducted to examine the associations between summer heat exposure and lung function. Stratificationanalysis by cooling facilities and respiratory diseases history were also conducted.
The study subjects had a slight majority of women (58.8%), age 19.2 ± 0.6 years. Each 1 °C increase in life-time summer mean temperature was associated with 1.07% [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.95-0.18%] decrease in FVC and 0.88% (95 %CI: -1.71, -0.05%) decrease in FEV1. Participants with respiratory diseases and non-cooling facility users were more susceptible to summer heat exposure. The usage of fan and air condition could effectively reduce the deleterious heat effects on lung function.
Life-time summer heat exposure is significantly associated with the reduction of lung function in young adults. Cooling facilities are necessary for pre-school children to reduce heat effects. Fan and air-condition are effective cooling facilities, especially for people with respiratory diseases.
短期热暴露对健康的影响已有充分的文献记载。然而，有限的研究探讨了一生中夏季热暴露与肺功能之间的关系。
研究一生中夏季热暴露与年轻成年人肺功能之间的关系。
我们在中国山东的 1928 名大学生中进行了一项回顾性队列研究，研究时间为 2020 年 9 月 4 日至 11 月 15 日。根据参与者出生日期后的最近气象站数据，将参与者一生中夏季热暴露情况分为学习阶段进行估计。肺功能指标包括用力肺活量（FVC）和 1 秒用力呼气量（FEV1）。采用多元线性回归模型检验夏季热暴露与肺功能之间的关系。还进行了分层分析，按冷却设施和呼吸系统疾病史进行分层。
研究对象中女性略占多数（58.8%），年龄为 19.2±0.6 岁。一生中夏季平均温度每升高 1°C，FVC 降低 1.07%（95%置信区间：-1.95%，-0.18%），FEV1 降低 0.88%（95%置信区间：-1.71%，-0.05%）。患有呼吸系统疾病和无冷却设施使用者更容易受到夏季热暴露的影响。使用电扇和空调可以有效降低热对肺功能的有害影响。
一生中夏季热暴露与年轻成年人肺功能下降显著相关。为减少热效应，幼儿有必要使用冷却设施。电扇和空调是有效的冷却设施，尤其适用于患有呼吸系统疾病的人群。
