美国高血压成年人的 BMI 和血压控制。

BMI and blood pressure control among United States adults with hypertension.

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.

出版信息

J Hypertens. 2022 Apr 1;40(4):741-748. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003072.

DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000003072

PMID:35001034

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8897212/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Less than half of United States adults with hypertension have controlled blood pressure (BP). Higher BMI is associated with an increased risk for hypertension but the association between BMI and BP control is not well characterized. We examined hypertension awareness, antihypertensive medication use, and BP control, by BMI category.

METHODS

Data for 3568 United States adults aged at least 18 years with hypertension (BP at least 140/90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication) from the 2015 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. BMI was categorized as normal (<25 kg/m2), overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2), class 1 obesity (30 to <35 kg/m2), or class 2 or 3 obesity (≥35 kg/m2). Hypertension awareness and antihypertensive medication use were self-reported. BP control was defined as BP less than 140/90 mmHg using the average of up to three measurements.

RESULTS

Among United States adults with hypertension, 15.6% had normal BMI, 31.3% had overweight, 26.2% had class 1 obesity, and 26.8% had class 2 or 3 obesity. Among those with normal BMI, overweight, class 1 obesity, and class 2 or 3 obesity: 67.9, 76.8, 84.0, and 87.8% were aware they had hypertension, respectively; 88.1, 88.1, 90.9, and 90.2% of those aware were taking antihypertensive medication, respectively; 63.5, 65.9, 71.1, and 64.1% of those taking antihypertensive medication had controlled BP, respectively; and 37.1, 44.3, 53.8, and 50.8% of those with hypertension had controlled BP, respectively.

CONCLUSION

United States adults with hypertension and normal BMI were less likely to be aware they had hypertension and have controlled BP compared with those with overweight or obesity.

摘要

目的

不到一半的美国高血压患者血压得到控制。更高的 BMI 与高血压风险增加相关，但 BMI 与血压控制之间的关系尚未得到充分描述。我们通过 BMI 类别检查了高血压知晓率、降压药物使用情况和血压控制情况。

方法

对 2015 年至 2018 年全国健康与营养调查中至少 18 岁的 3568 名美国高血压成人（血压至少 140/90mmHg 或服用降压药物）的数据进行了分析。BMI 分为正常（<25kg/m2）、超重（25 至 <30kg/m2）、1 类肥胖（30 至 <35kg/m2）或 2 类或 3 类肥胖（≥35kg/m2）。高血压知晓率和降压药物使用率为自我报告。血压控制定义为平均使用多达三次测量值的血压<140/90mmHg。

结果

在患有高血压的美国成年人中，15.6%的人 BMI 正常，31.3%的人超重，26.2%的人 1 类肥胖，26.8%的人 2 类或 3 类肥胖。在 BMI 正常、超重、1 类肥胖和 2 类或 3 类肥胖的患者中：分别有 67.9%、76.8%、84.0%和 87.8%的人知晓自己患有高血压；分别有 88.1%、88.1%、90.9%和 90.2%的知晓者正在服用降压药物；分别有 63.5%、65.9%、71.1%和 64.1%的服用降压药物的患者血压得到控制；分别有 37.1%、44.3%、53.8%和 50.8%的高血压患者血压得到控制。