El Hamss Hajar, Ghosh Saptarshi, Maruthi M N, Delatte Hélène, Colvin John
Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK.
Department of Entomology University of Georgia Griffin Georgia USA.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Dec 1;11(24):18032-18041. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8400. eCollection 2021 Dec.
A minimum of 13 diverse whitefly species belonging to the () species complex are known to infest cassava crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), designated as SSA1-13. Of these, the SSA1 and SSA2 are the predominant species colonizing cassava crops in East Africa. The SSA species of harbor diverse bacterial endosymbionts, many of which are known to manipulate insect reproduction. One such symbiont, , is known to drive its spread by inducing reproductive incompatibility in its insect host and are abundant in SSA species of . However, whether affects the reproduction of SSA species is unknown. In this study, we investigated both the reproductive compatibility between infected and uninfected whiteflies by inter-/intraspecific crossing experiments involving the sub-group three haplotypes of the SSA1 (SSA1-SG3), SSA2 species, and their microbial diversity. The number of eggs, nymphs, progenies produced, hatching rate, and survival rate were recorded for each cross. In intra-specific crossing trials, both male and female progenies were produced and thus demonstrated no reproductive incompatibility. However, the total number of eggs laid, nymphs hatched, and the emerged females were low in the intra-species crosses of SSA1-SG3A+, indicating the negative effect of on whitefly fitness. In contrast, the inter-species crosses between the SSA1-SG3 and SSA2 produced no female progeny and thus demonstrated reproductive incompatibility. The relative frequency of other bacteria colonizing the whiteflies was also investigated using Illumina sequencing of 16S rDNA and diversity indices were recorded. Overall, SSA1-SG3 and SSA2 harbored high microbial diversity with more than 137 bacteria discovered. These results described for the first time the microbiome diversity and the reproductive behaviors of intra-/inter-species of in whitefly reproduction, which is crucial for understanding the invasion abilities of cassava whiteflies.
已知至少有13种隶属于（）物种复合体的不同粉虱物种侵袭撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的木薯作物，被指定为SSA1 - 13。其中，SSA1和SSA2是东非木薯作物上的优势定殖物种。SSA的粉虱物种携带多种细菌内共生体，其中许多已知可操控昆虫繁殖。一种这样的共生体，，已知通过在其昆虫宿主中诱导生殖不相容性来推动自身传播，并且在SSA的粉虱物种中大量存在。然而，是否影响SSA物种的繁殖尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们通过涉及SSA1（SSA1 - SG3）亚群三种单倍型、SSA2物种及其微生物多样性的种间/种内杂交实验，研究了感染和未感染粉虱之间的生殖相容性。记录每个杂交组合的产卵数、若虫数、产生的后代数、孵化率和存活率。在种内杂交试验中，产生了雄性和雌性后代，因此表明不存在生殖不相容性。然而，在SSA1 - SG3A + 的种内杂交中，产卵总数、孵化的若虫数和羽化的雌性数量较低，表明对粉虱适合度有负面影响。相比之下，SSA1 - SG3和SSA2之间的种间杂交没有产生雌性后代，因此表明存在生殖不相容性。还使用16S rDNA的Illumina测序研究了定殖在粉虱上的其他细菌的相对频率，并记录了多样性指数。总体而言，SSA1 - SG3和SSA2具有高微生物多样性，发现了137种以上的细菌。这些结果首次描述了粉虱繁殖中种内/种间的微生物组多样性和生殖行为，这对于理解木薯粉虱的入侵能力至关重要。
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