Mugerwa Habibu, Sseruwagi Peter, Colvin John, Seal Susan
Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
Insects. 2021 Mar 20;12(3):260. doi: 10.3390/insects12030260.
In East Africa, the prevalent whiteflies on the food security crop cassava are classified as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) species. Economically damaging cassava whitefly populations were associated with the SSA2 species in the 1990s, but more recently, it has been to SSA1 species. To investigate whether biological traits (number of first instar nymphs, emerged adults, proportion of females in progeny and development time) of the cassava whitefly species are significant drivers of the observed field abundance, our study determined the development of SSA1 sub-group (SG) 1 (5 populations), SG2 (5 populations), SG3 (1 population) and SSA2 (1 population) on cassava and eggplant under laboratory conditions. SSA1-(SG1-SG2) and SSA2 populations' development traits were similar. Regardless of the host plant, SSA1-SG2 populations had the highest number of first instar nymphs (60.6 ± 3.4) and emerged adults (50.9 ± 3.6), followed by SSA1-SG1 (55.5 ± 3.2 and 44.6 ± 3.3), SSA2 (45.8 ± 5.7 and 32.6 ± 5.1) and the lowest were SSA1-SG3 (34.2 ± 6.1 and 32.0 ± 7.1) populations. SSA1-SG3 population had the shortest egg-adult emergence development time (26.7 days), followed by SSA1-SG1 (29.1 days), SSA1-SG2 (29.6 days) and SSA2 (32.2 days). Regardless of the whitefly population, development time was significantly shorter on eggplant (25.1 ± 0.9 days) than cassava (34.6 ± 1.0 days). These results support that SSA1-(SG1-SG2) and SSA2 can become highly abundant on cassava, with their species classification alone not correlating with observed abundance and prevalence.
在东非，粮食安全作物木薯上常见的粉虱被归类为撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）物种。20世纪90年代，对木薯造成经济损害的粉虱种群与SSA2物种有关，但最近，与SSA1物种有关。为了调查木薯粉虱物种的生物学特性（一龄若虫数量、羽化成虫数量、后代中雌性比例和发育时间）是否是观察到的田间丰度的重要驱动因素，我们的研究在实验室条件下测定了SSA1亚组（SG）1（5个种群）、SG2（5个种群）、SG3（1个种群）和SSA2（1个种群）在木薯和茄子上的发育情况。SSA1-（SG1-SG2）和SSA2种群的发育特性相似。无论寄主植物如何，SSA1-SG2种群的一龄若虫数量（60.6±3.4）和羽化成虫数量（50.9±3.6）最多，其次是SSA1-SG1（55.5±3.2和44.6±3.3）、SSA2（45.8±5.7和32.6±5.1），最少的是SSA1-SG3（34.2±6.1和32.0±7.1）种群。SSA1-SG3种群的卵到成虫羽化发育时间最短（26.7天），其次是SSA1-SG1（29.1天）、SSA1-SG2（29.6天）和SSA2（32.2天）。无论粉虱种群如何，在茄子上的发育时间（25.1±0.9天）都明显短于木薯（34.6±1.0天）。这些结果支持SSA1-（SG1-SG2）和SSA2能够在木薯上大量繁殖，仅其物种分类与观察到的丰度和流行率无关。
