中东和北非地区（MENA）儿童和青少年发育迟缓的患病率：系统评价和荟萃分析。
The prevalence of stunting among children and adolescents living in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA): A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
出版信息
J Glob Health. 2021 Dec 25;11:04070. doi: 10.7189/jogh.11.04070. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Given the strategic importance of the MENA, the state of war and inequity in the region and its effect on malnutrition which leads to mortality and reduced economic development in this region, the current study purposed to examine the prevalence of stunting as an indicator of chronic malnutrition in the MENA region, with consideration given HDI, rural/urban area, and war-involved countries.
METHODS
The electronic databases of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of science, and Embase were systematically searched, and English-language articles published between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019 were included in this study. The POLIS (population, outcome, location, indicator, study design) criteria were used to perform the systematic review, and studies involving children 2 to 18 years of age were selected.
RESULTS
Fifty-eight (n = 2 202 869) were included based on the study's inclusion criteria. The prevalence of stunting in children in the total MENA region was 22.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 20.4-23.6; = 99.92%, < 0.0001). The studies included in the meta-analysis were analyzed by subgroups. The pooled prevalence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years old and children aged 6 and older was 25.7% and 16.5%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of stunting was 34.1% in rural and 12.4% in urban areas. The pooled prevalence of stunting according to HDI was 30.1%, 28.5%, 13.1%, in low, medium, and high HDI countries, respectively. Furthermore, the pooled prevalence of stunting according to war status was 28.5% in war-involved countries vs 20.6% in others.
CONCLUSIONS
High prevalence of malnutrition was seen based on stunting indicator in the meta-analysis study in the MENA region, and this issue became more pronounced when the data was divided into subgroups based on age, residential area, and HDI. Inequality regarding social, economic, and political factors leads to significant malnutrition in the mentioned region.
背景
鉴于中东和北非地区的战略重要性、该地区的战争状态和不平等状况及其对营养不良的影响，导致该地区的死亡率上升和经济发展减缓，本研究旨在考察该地区发育迟缓（作为慢性营养不良的指标）的流行情况，同时考虑人类发展指数、城乡地区以及涉及战争的国家。
方法
系统检索了 PubMed、SCOPUS、Web of Science 和 Embase 电子数据库，并纳入了 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日期间发表的英文文章。采用 POLIS（人群、结局、地点、指标、研究设计）标准进行系统评价，并选择了涉及 2 至 18 岁儿童的研究。
结果
根据研究纳入标准，共有 58 项（n=2202869）研究纳入。整个中东和北非地区儿童发育迟缓的患病率为 22.0%（95%置信区间（CI）=20.4-23.6；=99.92%，<0.0001）。对纳入的亚组进行meta 分析。2-5 岁和 6 岁及以上儿童发育迟缓的合并患病率分别为 25.7%和 16.5%。农村地区发育迟缓的合并患病率为 34.1%，城市地区为 12.4%。按人类发展指数（HDI）划分，低、中、高 HDI 国家发育迟缓的合并患病率分别为 30.1%、28.5%、13.1%。此外，按战争状态划分，战争国家发育迟缓的合并患病率为 28.5%，其他国家为 20.6%。
结论
根据该研究的 meta 分析，中东和北非地区以发育迟缓为指标的营养不良患病率较高，根据年龄、居住地区和人类发展指数将数据分为亚组后，这一问题更加突出。社会、经济和政治因素不平等导致该地区严重营养不良。
Zotero 插件