Absalón-Medina V A, Sala R V, Bond R
STgenetics®, South Charleston 45368 OH, United States of America.
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, 43210 United States of America.
Vet Anim Sci. 2021 Dec 24;15:100225. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100225. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Amniocentesis is a routine procedure utilized on several species including human, equine, and bovine patients. Early assessment and discovery of new genetic traits in the cattle industry are highly desirable in order to accelerate genetic gain by shortening generational intervals. One of the main concerns from this procedure is the introduction of pathogenic bacterial contamination into the amniotic cavity thereby increasing the risks of spontaneous pregnancy losses post procedure. In this randomized controlled equivalence study, we have tested the effect of antimicrobial prophylaxis on the incidence of spontaneous abortions and contrasted it to untreated individuals post amniocentesis. On the treated group ( = 67) all heifers remained pregnant whereas 1 of the untreated group ( = 65) resulted in a spontaneous abortion during the study period. The latter represents 1.54% of pregnancy losses attributed to the risk associated to the amniocentesis procedure. However, the probability of inducing spontaneous abortion from the technique itself is not different to that of the contemporaneous population ( = 694) not undergoing amniocentesis viz., 1.59%. Following a two-tailed distribution, statistical analyses showed no significant differences across treatments (Fisher's exact test = 0.49). The current prospective study indicates that performing amniocenteses on cattle have resulted in similar spontaneous pregnancy losses comparable to those of pregnant heifers without undergoing amniocentesis and regardless of antimicrobial use. In conclusion, prophylactic antimicrobials may not be applicable within the cattle amniocentesis framework.
羊膜穿刺术是一种在包括人类、马和牛等多种物种的患者身上使用的常规程序。在养牛业中，尽早评估和发现新的遗传特征非常重要，以便通过缩短世代间隔来加速遗传进展。该程序的一个主要担忧是将致病性细菌污染引入羊膜腔，从而增加术后自然流产的风险。在这项随机对照等效性研究中，我们测试了抗菌预防对自然流产发生率的影响，并将其与羊膜穿刺术后未治疗的个体进行对比。在治疗组（n = 67）中，所有小母牛都保持怀孕，而未治疗组（n = 65）中有1头在研究期间发生了自然流产。后者占因羊膜穿刺术相关风险导致的妊娠损失的1.54%。然而，该技术本身导致自然流产的概率与同期未进行羊膜穿刺术的群体（n = 694）的概率没有差异，即1.59%。按照双尾分布，统计分析显示各治疗组之间没有显著差异（Fisher精确检验p = 0.49）。当前的前瞻性研究表明，对牛进行羊膜穿刺术导致的自然妊娠损失与未进行羊膜穿刺术的怀孕小母牛相似，且与是否使用抗菌药物无关。总之，预防性抗菌药物可能不适用于牛的羊膜穿刺术框架内。
