Costa Thalles Guilarducci, Duque Lucas, do Amaral Lucas Carrara, Viana Ricardo Borges, da Silva Wellington Fernando, Vancini Rodrigo Luiz, Andrade Marilia Santos, de Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa
College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Avenue Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.
Superior School of Physical Education and Physiotherapy of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2022 Jun;47(2):85-94. doi: 10.1007/s10484-021-09532-0.
To evaluate the heart rate response, emotion and changes in anxiety and anger levels after exposure to unpleasant pictures from the International Assessment Pictures System (IAPS) compared with neutral picture exposure in healthy individuals. Forty participants (23 women) visited the laboratory on two occasions. State anger and state anxiety levels were evaluated pre- and post-visualization of a set of IAPS pictures and heart rate was monitored during exposure. Two different picture sets were utilized-one with neutral pictures (that served as the control) and the other with unpleasant pictures. State anxiety and state anger were higher in post-unpleasant session for women than before (p < 0.001). For men, only state anxiety was higher in the post-unpleasant session (p < 0.001). State anxiety (p = 0.004) and state anger (p < 0.001) post-unpleasant session was higher for women than in men. The pleasure and dominance domains were lower in the unpleasant session for both men and women (p < 0.001), and the arousal domain was higher for both men and women (p < 0.001) than in the neutral session. In the unpleasant session, arousal was higher (p = 0.004), and dominance was lower (p < 0.001) among women than among men, but no difference in pleasure was found (p > 0.05). For women, average heart rate was higher on unpleasant session, compared to neutral (p = 0.01), but not for men (p > 0.05). Women are more sensitive and react strongly to unpleasant picture exposure. The IAPS unpleasant session was not able to induce anger levels in men.
为了评估健康个体在暴露于国际情绪图片系统（IAPS）中的不愉快图片后与暴露于中性图片相比的心率反应、情绪以及焦虑和愤怒水平的变化。40名参与者（23名女性）分两次前往实验室。在一组IAPS图片可视化前后评估状态愤怒和状态焦虑水平，并在暴露过程中监测心率。使用了两组不同的图片——一组是中性图片（用作对照），另一组是不愉快图片。女性在观看不愉快图片后状态焦虑和状态愤怒水平高于观看前（p < 0.001）。对于男性，仅在观看不愉快图片后状态焦虑水平较高（p < 0.001）。女性在观看不愉快图片后的状态焦虑（p = 0.004）和状态愤怒（p < 0.001）高于男性。男性和女性在观看不愉快图片时愉悦和支配维度均较低（p < 0.001），且唤醒维度高于观看中性图片时（p < 0.001）。在不愉快图片观看过程中，女性的唤醒水平较高（p = 0.004），支配水平较低（p < 0.001），但愉悦方面无差异（p > 0.05）。对于女性，观看不愉快图片时的平均心率高于观看中性图片时（p = 0.01），但男性并非如此（p > 0.05）。女性对不愉快图片暴露更敏感且反应强烈。IAPS不愉快图片观看未能诱发男性的愤怒水平。
