Vaseghi Golnaz, Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy, Heshmat-Ghahdarijani Kiyan, Sarrafzadegan Nizal, Amerizadeh Atefeh
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023 May;48(5):101109. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101109. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is linked to high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), atherosclerotic, and aortic stenosis to a lesser extent. We looked at the incidence of prevalent comorbid disorders other than cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension, and cancer in heterozygous FH (HeFH) patients. PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched systematically for studies reporting comorbidities in FH patients. Finally, 23 studies were included after excluding duplicates, papers with unrelated titles, reviews, abstracts, and papers with not sufficient data. Results showed that among the comorbidities that have been studied; FH patients had a greater prevalence of CKD. In terms of diabetes, the data are inconsistent, with some research indicating a higher prevalence of diabetes in FH patients and mostly indicating the opposite. Polymorphism study showed that hypertension has been linked to FH; however, the prevalence of the hypertensive subjects varies among FH groups. In comparison to the general population, cancer was found to have a lower or similar prevalence in FH patients. More research is needed in this area due to the variability of the results of the relationship between diabetes and FH and the small number of studies on cancer. In conclusion only CKD can be considered as an important and prevalent comorbidity in FH population after CVDs.
家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）与高水平的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、动脉粥样硬化有关，在较小程度上还与主动脉瓣狭窄有关。我们研究了杂合子FH（HeFH）患者中除心血管疾病（CVD）以外的常见合并症的发生率，如糖尿病、慢性肾脏病（CKD）、高血压和癌症。我们系统检索了PubMed、科学网和谷歌学术，以查找报告FH患者合并症的研究。最后，在排除重复项、标题不相关的论文、综述、摘要以及数据不足的论文后，纳入了23项研究。结果显示，在所研究的合并症中，FH患者的CKD患病率更高。关于糖尿病，数据并不一致，一些研究表明FH患者中糖尿病的患病率较高，而大多数研究表明情况相反。多态性研究表明高血压与FH有关；然而，高血压患者在FH各亚组中的患病率有所不同。与普通人群相比，FH患者中癌症的患病率较低或相近。由于糖尿病与FH关系的研究结果存在差异，且关于癌症的研究数量较少，因此该领域需要更多的研究。总之，在心血管疾病之后，只有CKD可被视为FH人群中一种重要且常见的合并症。
