Grebowski Jacek, Kazmierska-Grebowska Paulina, Cichon Natalia, Piotrowski Piotr, Litwinienko Grzegorz
Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
The Military Medical Training Center, 6-Sierpnia 92, 90-646 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Dec 23;23(1):119. doi: 10.3390/ijms23010119.
: Fullerenols (water-soluble derivatives of fullerenes), such as C(OH), are biocompatible molecules with a high ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the mechanism of their antioxidant action and cooperation with endogenous redox machinery remains unrecognized. Fullerenols rapidly distribute through blood cells; therefore, we investigated the effect of C(OH) on the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes during their prolonged incubation. : Human erythrocytes were treated with fullerenol at concentrations of 50-150 µg/mL, incubated for 3 and 48 h at 37 °C, and then hemolyzed. The level of oxidative stress was determined by examining the level of thiol groups, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione transferase), and by measuring erythrocyte microviscosity. : The level of thiol groups in stored erythrocytes decreased; however, in the presence of higher concentrations of C(OH) (100 and 150 µg/mL), the level of -SH groups increased compared to the control. Extending the incubation to 48 h caused a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity, but the addition of fullerenol, especially at higher concentrations (100-150 µg/mL), increased its activity. We observed that C(OH) had no effect on the microviscosity of the interior of the erythrocytes. : In conclusion, our results indicated that water-soluble C(OH) has antioxidant potential and efficiently supports the enzymatic antioxidant system within the cell. These effects are probably related to the direct interaction of C(OH) with the enzyme that causes its structural changes.
富勒烯醇（富勒烯的水溶性衍生物），如C(OH)，是具有高清除活性氧（ROS）能力的生物相容性分子，但其抗氧化作用机制以及与内源性氧化还原机制的协同作用仍未明确。富勒烯醇能迅速在血细胞中分布；因此，我们研究了C(OH)在红细胞长时间孵育过程中对抗氧化防御系统的影响。：将人红细胞用浓度为50 - 150μg/mL的富勒烯醇处理，在37℃孵育3小时和48小时，然后进行溶血。通过检测巯基水平、抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽转移酶）的活性以及测量红细胞微粘度来确定氧化应激水平。：储存红细胞中的巯基水平降低；然而，在较高浓度的C(OH)（100和150μg/mL）存在下，与对照组相比，-SH基团水平增加。将孵育时间延长至48小时会导致抗氧化酶活性降低，但添加富勒烯醇，尤其是在较高浓度（100 - 150μg/mL）下，会增加其活性。我们观察到C(OH)对红细胞内部的微粘度没有影响。：总之，我们的结果表明水溶性C(OH)具有抗氧化潜力，并能有效支持细胞内的酶促抗氧化系统。这些作用可能与C(OH)与导致其结构变化的酶的直接相互作用有关。
