Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology with Endocrine-Metabolic Laboratory, Medical University in Lublin, Prof. A. Gebala Street 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Dec 30;23(1):390. doi: 10.3390/ijms23010390.
The autoimmune reaction against the beta cells of the pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients is active in prediabetes and during the development of the clinical manifestation of T1DM, but it decreases within a few years of the clinical manifestation of this disease. A key role in the pathogenesis of T1DM is played by regulatory T cell (Treg) deficiency or dysfunction. Immune interventions, such as potential therapeutic applications or the induction of the Treg-cell population in T1DM, will be important in the development of new types of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate innovative immune interventions as treatments for T1DM. After an evaluation of full-length papers from the PubMed database from 2010 to 2021, 20 trials were included for the final analysis. The analysis led to the following conclusions: Treg cells play an important role in the limitation of the development of T1DM, the activation or application of Tregs may be more effective in the early stages of T1DM development, and the therapeutic use of Treg cells in T1DM is promising but requires long-term observation in a large group of patients.
1 型糖尿病（T1DM）患者胰腺胰岛β细胞的自身免疫反应在糖尿病前期和 T1DM 临床表现发展过程中活跃，但在该疾病临床表现出现后的几年内会减弱。调节性 T 细胞（Treg）缺乏或功能障碍在 T1DM 的发病机制中起关键作用。免疫干预，如潜在的治疗应用或在 T1DM 中诱导 Treg 细胞群体，对于开发新型治疗方法将非常重要。本研究旨在评估创新免疫干预措施作为 T1DM 的治疗方法。在评估了 2010 年至 2021 年来自 PubMed 数据库的全文论文后，纳入了 20 项试验进行最终分析。分析得出以下结论：Treg 细胞在限制 T1DM 发展中起重要作用，Tregs 的激活或应用在 T1DM 发展的早期阶段可能更有效，Treg 细胞在 T1DM 中的治疗应用有前景，但需要在大量患者中进行长期观察。
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