Adonina Irina G, Shcherban Andrey B, Zorina Maremyana V, Mehdiyeva Sabina P, Timonova Ekaterina M, Salina Elena A
Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Lavrentiev Av., 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Lavrentiev Av., 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 25;11(1):58. doi: 10.3390/plants11010058.
Vaviloid spike branching, also called sham ramification, is a typical trait of Jakubz. and is characterized by a lengthening of the spikelet axis. In this article, we present the results of a study of three triticale-wheat hybrid lines with differences in terms of the manifestation of the vaviloid spike branching. Lines were obtained by crossing triticale with hexaploid wheat, var. . The parental triticale is a hybrid of synthetic wheat ( × var. ) with rye, ssp. . Line 857 has a karyotype corresponding to hexaploid wheat and has a spike morphology closest to normal, whereas Lines 808/1 and 844/4 are characterized by the greatest manifestation of vaviloid spike branching. In Lines 808/1 and 844/4, we found the substitution 2RL(2DL). The karyotypes of the latter lines differ in that a pair of telocentric chromosomes 2DS is detected in Line 808/1, and these telocentrics are fused into one unpaired chromosome in Line 844/4. Using molecular genetic analysis, we found a deletion of the wheat domestication gene located on 5AL in the three studied hybrid lines. The deletion is local since an analysis of the adjacent gene showed the presence of this gene. We assume that the manifestation of vaviloid spike branching in two lines (808/1 and 844/4) is associated with a disturbance in the joint action of genes and , which is another important gene that determines spike morphology and is located on 2DL.
瓦维洛夫状小穗分枝，也称为假分枝，是雅各布兹小麦的典型特征，其特点是小穗轴延长。在本文中，我们展示了对三个小黑麦-小麦杂交品系的研究结果，这些品系在瓦维洛夫状小穗分枝表现方面存在差异。这些品系是通过小黑麦与六倍体小麦品种杂交获得的。亲本小黑麦是人工合成小麦（×品种）与黑麦（亚种）的杂交种。品系857的核型与六倍体小麦相对应，其穗形态最接近正常，而品系808/1和844/4则表现出最明显的瓦维洛夫状小穗分枝。在品系808/1和844/4中，我们发现了2RL(2DL)替换。后两个品系的核型不同之处在于，在品系808/1中检测到一对2DS端着丝粒染色体，而在品系844/4中，这些端着丝粒融合成一条不成对染色体。通过分子遗传学分析，我们发现三个研究的杂交品系中位于5AL上的小麦驯化基因缺失。由于对相邻基因的分析表明该基因存在，所以这种缺失是局部的。我们推测两个品系（808/1和844/4）中瓦维洛夫状小穗分枝的表现与基因和的联合作用受到干扰有关，是另一个决定穗形态且位于2DL上的重要基因。
