Jakubowska Paulina, Borkowski Grzegorz, Brząkalski Dariusz, Sztorch Bogna, Kloziński Arkadiusz, Przekop Robert E
Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, B. Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznan, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jan 4;15(1):338. doi: 10.3390/ma15010338.
This paper presents the impact of accelerated aging on selected mechanical and thermal properties of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) composites filled with sedimentary hybrid natural filler-Opoka rock. The filler was used in two forms: an industrial raw material originating as a subsieve fraction natural material, and a rock calcinated at 1000 °C for production of phosphorous sorbents. Fillers were incorporated with constant amount of 5 wt % of the resulting composite, and the material was subjected to accelerated weathering tests with different exposition times. The neat polypropylene and composites with calcium carbonate as a reference filler material were used for comparison. The aim of the research was to determine the possibility of using the Opoka rock as a new hybrid filler for polypropylene, which could be an alternative to the widely used calcium carbonate and silica. The thermal, mechanical, and structural properties were evaluated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) prior to and after accelerated aging. As a result, it was found that the composites of polypropylene with Opoka were characterized by similar or higher functional properties and higher resistance to photodegradation compared to composites with conventional calcium carbonate. The results of measurements of mechanical properties, structural and surface changes, and the carbonyl index as a function of accelerated aging proved that Opoka was an effective ultraviolet (UV) stabilizer, significantly exceeding the reference calcium carbonate in this respect. The new hybrid filler of natural origin in the form of Opoka can therefore be used not only as a typical powder filler, but above all as a UV blocker/stabilizer, thus extending the life of polypropylene composites, especially for outdoor applications.
本文介绍了加速老化对填充沉积混合天然填料——奥波卡岩的等规聚丙烯（iPP）复合材料某些机械性能和热性能的影响。填料有两种形式：一种是作为筛下级分天然材料的工业原料，另一种是在1000℃煅烧用于生产磷吸附剂的岩石。将填料以5 wt%的恒定含量掺入所得复合材料中，并对材料进行不同暴露时间的加速老化试验。使用纯聚丙烯和以碳酸钙作为参考填料的复合材料进行比较。该研究的目的是确定使用奥波卡岩作为聚丙烯新型混合填料的可能性，它可以替代广泛使用的碳酸钙和二氧化硅。在加速老化前后，通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）、拉伸试验、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR/ATR）对热性能、机械性能和结构性能进行评估。结果发现，与含传统碳酸钙的复合材料相比，聚丙烯与奥波卡岩的复合材料具有相似或更高的功能特性以及更高的抗光降解性。机械性能、结构和表面变化以及羰基指数随加速老化的测量结果证明，奥波卡岩是一种有效的紫外线（UV）稳定剂，在这方面明显超过参考碳酸钙。因此，奥波卡岩形式的新型天然混合填料不仅可以用作典型的粉末填料，而且最重要的是可以用作紫外线阻滞剂/稳定剂，从而延长聚丙烯复合材料的使用寿命，特别是在户外应用中。
