Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Nature. 2016 Dec 14;540(7633):354-362. doi: 10.1038/nature21001.
Renewable resources are used increasingly in the production of polymers. In particular, monomers such as carbon dioxide, terpenes, vegetable oils and carbohydrates can be used as feedstocks for the manufacture of a variety of sustainable materials and products, including elastomers, plastics, hydrogels, flexible electronics, resins, engineering polymers and composites. Efficient catalysis is required to produce monomers, to facilitate selective polymerizations and to enable recycling or upcycling of waste materials. There are opportunities to use such sustainable polymers in both high-value areas and in basic applications such as packaging. Life-cycle assessment can be used to quantify the environmental benefits of sustainable polymers.
可再生资源在聚合物生产中得到了越来越多的应用。特别是二氧化碳、萜烯、植物油和碳水化合物等单体可用作制造各种可持续材料和产品的原料，包括弹性体、塑料、水凝胶、柔性电子、树脂、工程聚合物和复合材料。需要高效的催化来生产单体、促进选择性聚合，并实现废物的回收或升级利用。可持续聚合物不仅可以应用于高附加值领域，还可以应用于包装等基础应用领域。生命周期评估可用于量化可持续聚合物的环境效益。
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