Martins Tânia, Oliveira Paula Alexandra, Pires Maria João, Neuparth Maria João, Lanzarin Germano, Félix Luís, Venâncio Carlos, Pinto Maria de Lurdes, Ferreira João, Gaivão Isabel, Barros Ana Isabel, Rosa Eduardo, Antunes Luís Miguel
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Foods. 2022 Jan 4;11(1):120. doi: 10.3390/foods11010120.
Brassica by-products are a source of natural bioactive molecules such as glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, with potential applications in the nutraceutical and functional food industries. However, the effects of oral sub-chronic exposure to broccoli by-product flour (BF) have not yet been evaluated. The objective of this pilot study was to analyse the effects of BF intake in the physiological parameters of FVB/N mice fed a 6.7% BF-supplemented diet for 21 days. Glucosinolates and their derivatives were also quantified in plasma and urine. BF supplementation significantly decreased ( < 0.05) the accumulation of perirenal adipose tissue. Furthermore, mice supplemented with BF showed significantly lower ( < 0.01) microhematocrit values than control animals, but no impact on the general genotoxicological status nor relevant toxic effects on the liver and kidney were observed. Concerning hepatic and renal antioxidant response, BF supplementation induced a significant increase ( < 0.05) in the liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels. In BF-supplemented mice, plasma analysis revealed the presence of the glucosinolates glucobrassicin and glucoerucin, and the isothiocyanates sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Overall, these results show that daily intake of a high dose of BF during three weeks is safe, and enables the bioavailability of beneficial glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. These results allow further testing of the benefits of this BF in animal models of disease, knowing that exposure of up to 6.7% BF does not present relevant toxicity.
十字花科植物副产品是天然生物活性分子的来源，如硫代葡萄糖苷和异硫氰酸盐，在营养保健品和功能性食品行业有潜在应用。然而，口服亚慢性暴露于西兰花副产品粉（BF）的影响尚未得到评估。这项初步研究的目的是分析摄入BF对喂食含6.7% BF补充饮食21天的FVB/N小鼠生理参数的影响。还对血浆和尿液中的硫代葡萄糖苷及其衍生物进行了定量分析。补充BF显著降低（<0.05）了肾周脂肪组织的积累。此外，补充BF的小鼠的微量血细胞比容值显著低于（<0.01）对照动物，但未观察到对一般遗传毒性状态的影响，也未观察到对肝脏和肾脏的相关毒性作用。关于肝脏和肾脏的抗氧化反应，补充BF诱导肝脏谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）水平显著升高（<0.05）。在补充BF的小鼠中，血浆分析显示存在硫代葡萄糖苷葡萄糖芸苔素和葡萄糖芥苷，以及异硫氰酸盐萝卜硫素和吲哚-3-甲醇。总体而言，这些结果表明，在三周内每日摄入高剂量的BF是安全的，并能使有益的硫代葡萄糖苷和异硫氰酸盐具有生物利用度。鉴于高达6.7%的BF暴露不存在相关毒性，这些结果允许在疾病动物模型中进一步测试这种BF的益处。
