Observational Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
HealthyFit Group, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 21;19(1):20. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010020.
Back pain is common in secondary school students. If we adjust the school furniture to the anthropometric characteristics of the pupils, we will improve their posture and reduce back pain. There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture used by students and that which should be used. The objectives of this research are to discover the degree of mismatch and validate two instruments that allow a correct allocation of the furniture.
The selected sample was 132 secondary students (14.08 ± 1.10 years). An anthropometer was used to determine the ideal height of the chair and table; data were taken from body segments. The recorded values were compared with those obtained by the two measurement instruments to be validated. Inter-measurer and intra-measurer reliability and validation were performed using t-tests and Pearson's coefficient, respectively. Different analysis techniques were used: descriptive, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and effect size. The established level of significance was ρ < 0.05.
The mismatch between the anthropometric dimensions of the students and the existing furniture in the classrooms was 98.5 % for the chairs and 100 % for the tables. The correlational analysis of the instruments to be validated shows an r = 0.993 in the chair and r = 0.996 in the table.
There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture and the anthropometric characteristics of the students. The proposed furniture allocation instruments are adequate.
中学生中普遍存在背痛问题。如果我们根据学生的人体测量特征来调整学校家具，就可以改善他们的姿势并减少背痛。学生使用的家具与应使用的家具高度不匹配。本研究的目的是发现不匹配的程度，并验证两种可正确分配家具的工具。
选择了 132 名中学生（14.08 ± 1.10 岁）作为样本。使用人体测量仪来确定椅子和桌子的理想高度；数据来自身体部位。记录的值与要验证的两个测量工具获得的值进行了比较。使用 t 检验和 Pearson 系数分别进行了测量者间和测量者内的可靠性和验证。使用描述性分析、单因素方差分析、t 检验和效应量分析等不同的分析技术。置信水平设定为 ρ < 0.05。
学生的人体测量尺寸与教室现有家具之间的不匹配程度为 98.5%的椅子和 100%的桌子。要验证的工具的相关性分析显示，椅子的 r = 0.993，桌子的 r = 0.996。
家具与学生的人体测量特征之间存在高度不匹配。所提出的家具分配工具是合适的。
