Center for Nutrition, Diet and Health, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA.
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 23;19(1):110. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010110.
Parents play an important role in developing the eating behaviors of their children by adopting specific parenting practices. As the prevalence of obesity is high amongst African American adolescents, investigations into associations of specific parenting practices and adolescents' eating behaviors are essential. In this exploratory study, 14 African American parent-adolescent dyads were interviewed to characterize the influence of eight different parenting practices on the consumption of three main food categories (dairy, fruits and vegetables, and unhealthy snacks). The results revealed that authoritarian parenting practices were correlated with a higher BMI percentile in adolescents, whereas modeling and monitoring are correlated with a higher parent BMI. In addition, reasoning, monitoring, modeling, and authoritative parenting practices were associated with less unhealthy snack consumption among adolescents. Reasoning and monitoring were the only parenting practices associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Finally, a significant correlation was found between eating fruits and vegetables and unhealthy snacks and the location of eating. In conclusion, different parenting practices and environmental factors may impact BMI and food consumption of African American dyads. The results of this study can be used to guide improvement in, and/or development of, nutritional education interventions considering the cultural differences of racial minorities.
父母通过采用特定的育儿实践，在培养孩子的饮食习惯方面发挥着重要作用。由于非裔美国青少年的肥胖患病率很高，因此调查特定育儿实践与青少年饮食行为之间的关系至关重要。在这项探索性研究中，对 14 对非裔美国家长-青少年进行了访谈，以描述八种不同育儿实践对三种主要食物类别的影响（乳制品、水果和蔬菜以及不健康的零食）。结果表明，专制的育儿实践与青少年较高的 BMI 百分位数相关，而榜样作用和监督与较高的父母 BMI 相关。此外，说理、监督、榜样作用和权威的育儿实践与青少年较少食用不健康的零食有关。说理和监督是唯一与水果和蔬菜摄入较多相关的育儿实践。最后，发现吃水果和蔬菜与吃不健康的零食与进食地点之间存在显著相关性。总之，不同的育儿实践和环境因素可能会影响非裔美国裔青少年的 BMI 和食物摄入。本研究的结果可用于指导营养教育干预措施的改进和/或发展，考虑到少数族裔的文化差异。
