School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
China Nerin Engineering Company Limited, Nanchang 330199, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 24;19(1):183. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010183.
High-temperature risk disaster, a common meteorological disaster, seriously affects people's productivity, life, and health. However, insufficient attention has been paid to this disaster in urban communities. To assess the risk of high-temperature disasters, this study, using remote sensing data and geographic information data, analyzes 973 communities in downtown Wuhan with the geography-weighted regression method. First, the study evaluates the distribution characteristics of high temperatures in communities and explores the spatial differences of risks. Second, a metrics and weight system is constructed, from which the main factors are determined. Third, a risk assessment model of high-temperature disasters is established from disaster-causing danger, disaster-generating sensitivity, and disaster-bearing vulnerability. The results show that: (a) the significance of the impact of the built environment on high-temperature disasters is obviously different from its coefficient space differentiation; (b) the risk in the old city is high, whereas that in the area around the river is low; and (c) different risk areas should design built environment optimization strategies aimed specifically at the area. The significance of this study is that it develops a high-temperature disaster assessment framework for risk identification, impact differentiation, and difference optimization, and provides theoretical support for urban high-temperature disaster prevention and mitigation.
高温风险灾害是一种常见的气象灾害，严重影响人们的生产力、生活和健康。然而，城市社区对这种灾害的重视程度不够。为了评估高温灾害的风险，本研究使用遥感数据和地理信息数据，采用地理加权回归方法分析了武汉市中心的 973 个社区。首先，研究评估了社区内高温的分布特征，并探讨了风险的空间差异。其次，构建了一个度量和权重系统，从中确定了主要因素。第三，从致灾危险性、灾害生成敏感性和灾害承载体脆弱性三个方面建立了高温灾害风险评估模型。结果表明：(a) 建成环境对高温灾害的影响的重要性与其系数空间差异明显不同；(b) 旧城区风险较高，而沿江地区风险较低；(c) 不同风险区域应设计针对该区域的建成环境优化策略。本研究的意义在于开发了一种高温灾害评估框架，用于识别风险、区分影响和优化差异，为城市高温灾害的预防和减轻提供了理论支持。
