Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF-Departamento de Deportes), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martín Fierro 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 29;19(1):332. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010332.
Lower limb injuries are frequent in handball and a serious hindrance to athletic performance. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the available research on the prevalence of lower limb injuries in handball players according to sex and competitive level. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, 19 studies were selected after a systematic search and selection process of three digital databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Furthermore, a study quality analysis using an 'Extension for Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE-SIIS)' was carried out. The sample consisted of 7110 male and female handball players registering 4483 injuries in their lower limbs. The results showed a high incidence of knee injuries (30.23%) and ankle injuries (24.80%), especially in the ligaments, such as the talofibular and the anterior cruciate ligaments. Considering sex and competitive level, knee injuries accounted for 47.02% of injuries among women, while among men, ankle injuries were most prevalent (34.22%) in international competitions. Additionally, the most common cause of injuries was trauma (85.61%). The findings highlighted that the prevalence of lower limb injuries varies greatly according to the characteristics of the sample and injury. Therefore, the study underlines the importance that sports practitioners (physical trainers, readapters, and physiotherapists) adapt training protocols to reduce injury incidence in the most affected body areas or tissues.
下肢损伤在手球中很常见，严重阻碍运动员的表现。本系统评价的目的是根据性别和竞技水平综合手球运动员下肢损伤的现有研究。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目，在对三个数字数据库（Scopus、PubMed 和 Web of Science）进行系统搜索和选择后，选择了 19 项研究。此外，还使用“流行病学观察性研究强化报告（STROBE-SIIS）的运动损伤和疾病监测扩展”进行了研究质量分析。该样本由 7110 名男性和女性手球运动员组成，他们的下肢有 4483 处损伤。结果表明，膝关节损伤（30.23%）和踝关节损伤（24.80%）的发生率较高，尤其是在距腓骨和前交叉韧带等韧带中。考虑到性别和竞技水平，女性的膝关节损伤占 47.02%，而男性的踝关节损伤在国际比赛中最为常见（34.22%）。此外，受伤的最常见原因是创伤（85.61%）。研究结果表明，下肢损伤的发生率根据样本和损伤的特点而有很大差异。因此，该研究强调了运动从业者（体能教练、康复师和物理治疗师）根据最易受伤的身体部位或组织调整训练方案以降低受伤发生率的重要性。
