The Potential Use of Seed as Coagulant-Coagulant Aid in the Treatment of Semi-Aerobic Landfill Leachate.

Chemical-based coagulants and flocculants are commonly used in the coagulation-flocculation process. However, the drawbacks of using these chemical materials have triggered researchers to find natural materials to substitute or reduce the number of chemical-based coagulants and flocculants. This study examines the potential application of seeds as a natural coagulant-coagulant aid with Tin (IV) chloride (SnCl) in eliminating suspended solids (SS), colour, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate. Results showed that the efficiency of was low when used as the main coagulant in the standard jar test. When SnCl was applied as a single coagulant, as much as 98.4% of SS, 96.8% of colour and 82.0% of COD was eliminated at an optimal dose of 10.5 g/L and pH 7. The higher removal efficiency of colour (88.8%) was obtained when 8.40 g/L of SnCl was applied with a support of 3 g/L of . When SnCl was utilised as a coagulant, and seed was used as a flocculant, the removal of pollutants generally improved. Overall, this research showed that seed is a viable natural alternative for treating landfill leachate as a coagulant aid.