Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology-IBE, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 28;14(1):132. doi: 10.3390/nu14010132.
Iron-related disorders of the liver can result in serious health conditions, such as liver cirrhosis. Evidence on the role of modifiable lifestyle factors like nutrition in liver iron storage is lacking. Thus, we aimed to assess the association of habitual diet with liver iron content (LIC). We investigated 303 participants from the population-based KORA-MRI study who underwent whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dietary habits were evaluated using repeated 24 h food lists and a food frequency questionnaire. Sex-stratified multiple linear regression models were applied to quantify the association between nutrition variables of interest and LIC, adjusting for liver fat content (LFC), energy intake, and age. Mean age of participants was 56.4 ± 9.0 years and 44.2% were female. Mean LIC was 1.23 ± 0.12 mg/g dry weight, with higher values in men than in women (1.26 ± 0.13 and 1.20 ± 0.10 mg/g, < 0.001). Alcohol intake was positively associated with LIC (men: β = 1.94; women: β = 4.98, -values < 0.03). Significant negative associations with LIC were found for fiber (β = -5.61, < 0.001) and potassium (β = -0.058, = 0.034) for female participants only. Furthermore, LIC was highly correlated with liver fat content in both sexes. Our findings suggests that there are sex-specific associations of habitual dietary intake and LIC. Alcohol, fiber, and potassium may play a considerable role in liver iron metabolism.
铁相关性肝疾病可导致严重的健康问题，如肝硬化。关于营养等可改变的生活方式因素在肝铁储存中的作用的证据尚缺乏。因此，我们旨在评估习惯性饮食与肝铁含量（LIC）之间的关联。我们调查了来自基于人群的 KORA-MRI 研究的 303 名参与者，他们接受了全身磁共振成像（MRI）检查。饮食习惯使用重复的 24 小时食物清单和食物频率问卷进行评估。应用性别分层多元线性回归模型来量化营养变量与 LIC 之间的关联，调整肝脂肪含量（LFC）、能量摄入和年龄。参与者的平均年龄为 56.4 ± 9.0 岁，其中 44.2%为女性。平均 LIC 为 1.23 ± 0.12mg/g 干重，男性高于女性（1.26 ± 0.13 和 1.20 ± 0.10mg/g， <0.001）。饮酒与 LIC 呈正相关（男性：β=1.94；女性：β=4.98， <0.03）。仅在女性参与者中，纤维（β=-5.61， <0.001）和钾（β=-0.058， =0.034）与 LIC 呈显著负相关。此外，LIC 在两性中均与肝脂肪含量高度相关。我们的研究结果表明，习惯性饮食摄入与 LIC 存在性别特异性关联。酒精、纤维和钾可能在肝铁代谢中起重要作用。
