College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Molecules. 2021 Dec 22;27(1):46. doi: 10.3390/molecules27010046.
Phytohormones are a class of small organic molecules that are widely used in higher plants and microalgae as chemical messengers. Phytohormones play a regulatory role in the physiological metabolism of cells, including promoting cell division, increasing stress tolerance, and improving photosynthetic efficiency, and thereby increasing biomass, oil, chlorophyll, and protein content. However, traditional abiotic stress methods for inducing the accumulation of energy storage substances in microalgae, such as high light intensity, high salinity, and heavy metals, will affect the growth of microalgae and will ultimately limit the efficient accumulation of energy storage substances. Therefore, the addition of phytohormones not only helps to reduce production costs but also improves the efficiency of biofuel utilization. However, accurate and sensitive phytohormones determination and analytical methods are the basis for plant hormone research. In this study, the characteristics of phytohormones in microalgae and research progress for regulating the accumulation of energy storage substances in microalgae by exogenous phytohormones, combined with abiotic stress conditions at home and abroad, are summarized. The possible metabolic mechanism of phytohormones in microalgae is discussed, and possible future research directions are put forward, which provide a theoretical basis for the application of phytohormones in microalgae.
植物激素是一类广泛存在于高等植物和微藻中的小分子有机化合物，作为化学信使。植物激素在细胞的生理代谢中发挥着调节作用，包括促进细胞分裂、增加抗逆性和提高光合作用效率，从而增加生物量、油脂、叶绿素和蛋白质含量。然而，传统的诱导微藻积累储能物质的非生物胁迫方法，如强光、高盐和重金属等，会影响微藻的生长，最终限制储能物质的有效积累。因此，添加植物激素不仅有助于降低生产成本，还提高了生物燃料的利用效率。然而，准确、灵敏的植物激素测定和分析方法是植物激素研究的基础。本研究总结了微藻中植物激素的特点，以及外源植物激素对微藻中储能物质积累的调控作用的研究进展，结合国内外的非生物胁迫条件，探讨了植物激素在微藻中的可能代谢机制，并提出了可能的未来研究方向，为植物激素在微藻中的应用提供了理论依据。
