Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
Plant Cell Physiol. 2020 Dec 23;61(11):1832-1849. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa092.
Gibberellins are produced by all vascular plants and several fungal and bacterial species that associate with plants as pathogens or symbionts. In the 60 years since the first experiments on the biosynthesis of gibberellic acid in the fungus Fusarium fujikuroi, research on gibberellin biosynthesis has advanced to provide detailed information on the pathways, biosynthetic enzymes and their genes in all three kingdoms, in which the production of the hormones evolved independently. Gibberellins function as hormones in plants, affecting growth and differentiation in organs in which their concentration is very tightly regulated. Current research in plants is focused particularly on the regulation of gibberellin biosynthesis and inactivation by developmental and environmental cues, and there is now considerable information on the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. There have also been recent advances in understanding gibberellin transport and distribution and their relevance to plant development. This review describes our current understanding of gibberellin metabolism and its regulation, highlighting the more recent advances in this field.
赤霉素由所有维管植物和几种真菌及细菌物种产生，这些真菌和细菌以病原体或共生体的形式与植物相关联。自首次在真菌藤仓镰刀菌中进行赤霉素生物合成的实验以来，已有 60 年，关于赤霉素生物合成的研究已经取得进展，为所有三个领域的途径、生物合成酶及其基因提供了详细信息，其中激素的产生是独立进化的。赤霉素在植物中作为激素发挥作用，影响器官的生长和分化，其浓度受到严格调控。目前植物领域的研究特别侧重于发育和环境线索对赤霉素生物合成和失活的调控，目前已经有相当多的信息涉及这些过程中的分子机制。近年来，人们对赤霉素的运输和分布及其与植物发育的关系有了更多的了解。本文描述了我们目前对赤霉素代谢及其调控的理解，重点介绍了该领域的最新进展。
