Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2021 Jan 18;4(1):277-294. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01328. Epub 2020 Dec 11.
Cancer immunotherapy, which initiates or strengthens innate immune responses to attack cancer cells, has shown great promise in cancer treatment. However, low immune response impacted by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) remains a key challenge, which has been found related to tumor hypoxia. Recently, nanomaterial systems are proving to be excellent platforms for tumor oxygenation, which can reverse hypoxia-associated immunosuppression, strengthen the systemic antitumor immune responses, and thus afford a striking abscopal effect to clear metastatic cancer cells. In this review, we would like to survey recent progress in utilizing nanomaterials for tumor oxygenation through approaches such as in situ O generation, O delivery, tumor vasculature normalization, and mitochondrial-respiration inhibition. Their effects on tumor hypoxia-associated immunosuppression are highlighted. We also discuss the ongoing challenges and how to further improve the clinical prospect of cancer immunotherapy.
癌症免疫疗法通过启动或增强先天免疫反应来攻击癌细胞，在癌症治疗方面显示出巨大的潜力。然而，受免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境（TME）影响的低免疫反应仍然是一个关键挑战，这与肿瘤缺氧有关。最近，纳米材料系统被证明是肿瘤氧合的极佳平台，可逆转与缺氧相关的免疫抑制，增强全身性抗肿瘤免疫反应，从而对清除转移性癌细胞产生显著的远隔效应。在这篇综述中，我们将调查利用纳米材料通过原位 O 生成、O 传递、肿瘤血管正常化和线粒体呼吸抑制等方法进行肿瘤氧合的最新进展。强调了它们对肿瘤缺氧相关免疫抑制的影响。我们还讨论了当前的挑战以及如何进一步提高癌症免疫疗法的临床前景。
