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本文引用的文献

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Cellular Immune Response to COVID-19 and Potential Immune Modulators.细胞免疫对 COVID-19 的反应及潜在免疫调节剂。
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 30;12:646333. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646333. eCollection 2021.
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Acute Transverse Myelitis (ATM):Clinical Review of 43 Patients With COVID-19-Associated ATM and 3 Post-Vaccination ATM Serious Adverse Events With the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine (AZD1222).急性横贯性脊髓炎（ATM）：43例新冠病毒相关急性横贯性脊髓炎患者及3例接种ChAdOx1 nCoV-19疫苗（AZD1222）后发生的急性横贯性脊髓炎严重不良事件的临床回顾
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 26;12:653786. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653786. eCollection 2021.
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Neurologic Involvement in Children and Adolescents Hospitalized in the United States for COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome.美国因新冠病毒病或多系统炎症综合征住院的儿童和青少年的神经系统受累情况
JAMA Neurol. 2021 May 1;78(5):536-547. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0504.
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Encephalitis in Previously Healthy Children.既往健康儿童的脑炎。
Pediatr Rev. 2021 Feb;42(2):68-77. doi: 10.1542/pir.2018-0175.
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Para-infectious anti-GD2/GD3 IgM myelitis during the Covid-19 pandemic: Case report and literature review.新冠疫情期间伴发抗 GD2/GD3 IgM 髓炎的类感染性疾病：病例报告及文献复习。
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Apr;49:102783. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102783. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
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Immune determinants of COVID-19 disease presentation and severity.COVID-19 疾病表现和严重程度的免疫决定因素。
Nat Med. 2021 Jan;27(1):28-33. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-01202-8. Epub 2021 Jan 13.
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COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases.新型冠状病毒肺炎与自身免疫性疾病。
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2021 Mar 1;33(2):155-162. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000776.
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COVID-19 and the Brain: Acute Encephalitis as a Clinical Manifestation.新型冠状病毒肺炎与大脑：以急性脑炎为临床表现
Cureus. 2020 Oct 3;12(10):e10784. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10784.
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Acute Meningoencephalitis as Initial Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatrics.急性脑膜脑炎作为儿童新型冠状病毒感染的首发表现
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020 Nov;39(11):e386-e387. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002885.
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儿童 COVID-19 感染后自身免疫性脑炎。

Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis Following COVID-19 Infection.

机构信息

Pediatrics, 23336Los Angeles County+USC Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA.

Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, 23336Los Angeles County+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

出版信息

J Child Neurol. 2022 Mar;37(4):268-272. doi: 10.1177/08830738211069814. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

DOI:10.1177/08830738211069814
PMID:35014889
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9066234/
Abstract

Similar to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection has been shown to be associated with dysregulated and persistent inflammatory reactions and production of some antibodies. We report 3 pediatric patients found to have serum SARS-CoV-2 antibodies who presented with neurologic findings suggestive of postinfectious autoimmune-mediated encephalitis. All 3 cases showed lymphocytic pleocytosis on cerebrospinal fluid studies and marked improvement in neurologic symptoms after high-dose intravenous corticosteroids. The manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population are still an evolving area of study, and these cases suggest autoimmune-mediated encephalitis as yet another SARS-CoV-2 related complication.

摘要

类似于自身免疫性疾病的发病机制，SARS-CoV-2（COVID-19）感染已被证明与失调和持续的炎症反应以及某些抗体的产生有关。我们报告了 3 例发现血清 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的儿科患者，他们表现出提示感染后自身免疫性介导脑炎的神经系统表现。所有 3 例患者的脑脊液研究均显示淋巴细胞增多，并在大剂量静脉用皮质类固醇治疗后神经系统症状明显改善。SARS-CoV-2 感染在儿科人群中的表现仍是一个不断发展的研究领域，这些病例提示自身免疫性介导脑炎是 SARS-CoV-2 的另一种相关并发症。