Pakesch G, Presslich O, Willinger G, Loimer N, Fodor G, Müller K, Lieber A
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Wien.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1987 Nov 20;99(22):777-80.
As one of the most important risk groups for HIV infection 82 intravenous drug addicts were tested in December 85/January 86 and 159 in December 86/January 87 for HIV antibody when entering a detoxification programme of our drug addition outpatient clinic. All these drug addicts had used intravenous drugs, mostly opiates. Serum antibodies to HIV were found in 7 (8.5%) of the first sample and in 23 (14.4%) of the second sample. Among seronegative drug addicts a significantly higher use of sterile needles was found than among HIV seropositive drug addicts. Among the seropositive drug abusers a history of intravenous drug abuse outside Austria was found more often than in seronegative drug addicts. The incidence of HIV antibodies in i.v. drug addicts in Vienna appears low in comparison with figures in the Austrian Tyrol (44%), Scotland (33%), Italy (53%) and Switzerland (53%), but similar to England (10%). The low frequency in Vienna could be explained by a significantly higher use of sterile equipment. Furthermore, at the first test period a change in abuse behaviour was found; an increasing number of patients was taking oral opiates exclusively, or reduced intravenous drug intake.
作为感染艾滋病毒最重要的风险群体之一，82名静脉注射吸毒者于1985年12月/1986年1月以及159名于1986年12月/1987年1月在进入我们戒毒门诊的戒毒项目时接受了艾滋病毒抗体检测。所有这些吸毒者都使用过静脉注射毒品，主要是阿片类药物。在第一个样本中，7人（8.5%）检测出艾滋病毒血清抗体，在第二个样本中，23人（14.4%）检测出艾滋病毒血清抗体。在血清反应阴性的吸毒者中，发现使用无菌针头的比例明显高于艾滋病毒血清反应阳性的吸毒者。在血清反应阳性的药物滥用者中，有奥地利境外静脉注射药物滥用史的情况比血清反应阴性的吸毒者更为常见。与奥地利蒂罗尔（44%）、苏格兰（33%）、意大利（53%）和瑞士（53%）的数据相比，维也纳静脉注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒抗体的发生率似乎较低，但与英国（10%）相似。维也纳的低频率可能是由于无菌设备的使用比例显著更高。此外，在第一个检测期发现滥用行为有所改变；越来越多的患者仅服用口服阿片类药物，或减少了静脉注射药物的摄入量。
